Sittings
Search every subject Parliament voted on since the term began in July 2024 — by topic, document number, rapporteur or procedure — or browse the sittings below.
All 116 sittings of this term are searchable. Index refreshed 8 h ago. Clear search
41 subjects match · 36 adopted, 0 rejected
Wednesday, 17 December 2025 1 match
- Phasing out Russian natural gas imports, improving monitoring of potential energy dependencies
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The European Parliament adopted its position on a proposed regulation to phase out Russian natural gas imports and improve monitoring of potential energy dependencies. The regulation would also amend Regulation (EU) 2017/1938 on security of gas supply, and the Parliament's position includes amendments to the Commission's proposal. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal, and instructs its President to forward the position to the Council and national parliaments.
New laws · report by Inese Vaidere, Ville Niinistö · 1st reading · 48 ballots · voted 12:24 · A-10-2025-0195 · 2025/0180
Adopted 500–120–32 · by a large majority
Tuesday, 16 December 2025 2 matches
- Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural products
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed EU law implementing the bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural products. The law aims to protect sensitive EU agricultural sectors by allowing swift, proportionate measures when imports from Mercosur countries cause or threaten serious injury to EU producers. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal, and to forward its position to the Council, the Commission, and national parliaments.
Agriculture, food & fisheriesForeign affairsTrade & customs
New laws · report by Gabriel Mato · 1st reading · 70 ballots · voted 12:46 · A-10-2025-0254 · 2025/0322
Adopted 431–161–70 · by a large majority - Compulsory licensing of patents in crisis situations
Economy & single marketTrade & customs
New laws · report by Adrián Vázquez Lázara · 2nd reading · 3 ballots · voted 13:06 · A-10-2025-0246 · 2023/0129
3 ballots, no final vote
Thursday, 27 November 2025 1 match
- Harmonised requirements in the internal market on transparency of third countries interest representation
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed EU directive setting common transparency rules for interest representation carried out on behalf of third countries. The directive aims to harmonise registration requirements across member states and create an EU-level access point for national registers. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal.
Economy & single marketEU institutions & Parliament
New laws · report by Adina Vălean · 1st reading · 12 ballots · voted 12:07 · A-10-2025-0208 · 2023/0463
Adopted 392–88–133 · by a large majority
Wednesday, 26 November 2025 1 match
- Collection of statistical information by the European Central Bank
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a draft Council regulation updating rules on how the European Central Bank collects statistical information, following digital changes. The position approves the draft as amended, aiming to safeguard confidential data and align with EU data protection law. Parliament also asks the Council to notify it if it departs from the approved text and to consult it again on substantial changes.
EU institutions & ParliamentEconomy & single market
New laws · report by Aurore Lalucq · consultation · voted 12:31 · A-10-2025-0222 · 2025/0806
Adopted 521–110–35 · by a large majority
Tuesday, 25 November 2025 1 match
- Enhancing police cooperation in relation to the prevention, detection and investigation of migrant smuggling and trafficking in human beings; enhancing Europol’s support to preventing and combating such crimes
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed EU law to step up police cooperation against migrant smuggling and trafficking in human beings and to strengthen Europol's support in fighting these crimes. The law would make Europol a central hub for criminal information and create a European Centre Against Migrant Smuggling inside the agency, with member states setting up dedicated national structures. Parliament also backed extra funding and 50 new posts for Europol, while asking the Commission to clarify how staff and money would be moved from other programmes.
New laws · report by Jeroen Lenaers · 1st reading · 7 ballots · voted 12:28 · A-10-2025-0109 · 2023/0438
Thursday, 13 November 2025 4 matches
- Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The EU is updating its exceptional trade measures for countries linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process, which cover duty suspensions for certain fruits and vegetables and tariff quotas for wine. Parliament adopted its position on the law, endorsing the Commission's proposal to extend these measures until 2030 and to remove an obsolete reference to fisheries. The measures have supported EU-Western Balkans trade, which exceeded EUR 83 billion in 2024, and the extension maintains conditionality on democratic principles and human rights. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal, and will forward its position to the Council, Commission, and national parliaments.
Foreign affairsTrade & customsEconomy & single market
New laws · report by Kris Van Dijck · 1st reading · 5 ballots · voted 11:51 · A-10-2025-0188 · 2025/0108
- Partial renewal of Members of the Court of Auditors – Nikolaos Milionis
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament voted on the Council's nomination of Nikolaos Milionis as a Member of the Court of Auditors. It adopted its position, delivering a favourable opinion on the nomination. The decision will be forwarded to the Council and other EU institutions.
New laws · committee report · consultation · A-10-2025-0218 · 2025/0807
- European Maritime Safety Agency
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The European Parliament approved the Council's position on a regulation updating the mandate of the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA). The adopted provisions aim to better reflect EMSA's new tasks in maritime safety, sustainability, decarbonisation, and training, with balanced governance rules. The act is now adopted in line with the Council position, and Parliament will sign it for publication in the Official Journal.
EU institutions & ParliamentTransport & tourism
New laws · committee report · 2nd reading · A-10-2025-0217 · 2023/0163
no count published - Partial renewal of Members of the Court of Auditors – Pierre Moscovici
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament voted on the Council's nomination of Pierre Moscovici as a Member of the Court of Auditors. It adopted its position, delivering a favourable opinion on the nomination. Parliament instructs its President to forward the decision to the Council and other institutions.
New laws · committee report · consultation · A-10-2025-0219 · 2025/0808
Adopted 419–192–21 · by a large majority
Tuesday, 21 October 2025 6 matches
- Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks and improving cooperation among Union agencies in the area of chemicals
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed law to reassign scientific and technical tasks and improve cooperation among EU agencies dealing with chemicals. The law aims to strengthen the knowledge base on chemicals, facilitate data exchange between regulatory bodies, and streamline assessments while ensuring early detection of emerging risks. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal, and instructs its President to forward the position to the Council, Commission, and national parliaments.
Climate & environmentEU institutions & Parliament
New laws · report by Dimitris Tsiodras · 1st reading · voted 13:20 · A-10-2025-0020 · 2023/0455
Adopted 469–126–50 · by a large majority - Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals Agency
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The proposal amends Directive 2011/65/EU to re-attribute scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). Parliament adopted its position at first reading, approving the proposal with amendments. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends the proposal.
Climate & environmentEU institutions & Parliament
New laws · report by Dimitris Tsiodras · 1st reading · voted 13:20 · A-10-2025-0019 · 2023/0454
Adopted 477–93–76 · by a large majority - General Data Protection Regulation: additional procedural rules relating to the enforcement of the Regulation
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed regulation laying down additional procedural rules for enforcing the General Data Protection Regulation. The rules aim to streamline cross-border procedures, clarify rights of parties, and introduce deadlines for legal certainty. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal.
Digital, AI & dataJustice, rule of law & rights
New laws · report by Markéta Gregorová · 1st reading · voted 13:21 · A-9-2024-0045 · 2023/0202
- Standing Forest and Forestry Expert Group
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to update the rules for the Standing Forestry Committee, which advises the Commission on forestry matters. The adopted text includes amendments to the committee's tasks and structure, aiming to improve its functioning. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially changes its proposal, and will forward its position to the Council and national parliaments.
Climate & environmentEU institutions & ParliamentAgriculture, food & fisheries
New laws · report by Emma Wiesner, Pekka Toveri · 1st reading · 12 ballots · voted 13:30 · A-10-2025-0175 · 2023/0410
Adopted 327–256–58 · by a small majority - Driving licences
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The directive updates EU rules on driving licences, introducing mutually recognised EU mobile driving licences and clarifying minimum age requirements. Parliament approved the Council's position, meaning the act is adopted and will be signed and published. The new rules also set medical fitness requirements, default validity periods, and rules for novice drivers and accompanied driving.
New laws · committee report · 2nd reading · A-10-2025-0191 · 2023/0053
no count published - Union-wide effect of certain driving disqualifications
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The text establishes an EU system for sharing information and recognising driving disqualifications across member states for major offences such as drink or drug driving, excessive speeding, or causing death or serious injury. Parliament approved the Council's position, meaning the directive will be adopted as agreed, ending impunity for drivers committing such offences outside the country that issued their licence. Parliament instructs its President and Secretary-General to sign the act and arrange its publication in the Official Journal.
New laws · committee report · 2nd reading · A-10-2025-0193 · 2023/0055
no count published
Thursday, 9 October 2025 1 match
- Establishment and functioning of European Works Councils - effective enforcement
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The European Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to amend the directive on European Works Councils, aiming to improve their establishment and functioning and to ensure effective enforcement of transnational information and consultation rights. The adopted text includes amendments to bring certain pre-existing agreements under the directive's scope and to require information and consultation before measures with potential significant effects on employees' interests are implemented. Parliament's position will now be forwarded to the Council, the Commission, and national parliaments.
Jobs, social affairs & equality
New laws · report by Dennis Radtke · 1st reading · 2 ballots · voted 13:12 · A-10-2024-0029 · 2024/0006
Adopted 414–139–61 · by a large majority
Wednesday, 8 October 2025 1 match
- Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament approved the Commission's proposal for a Council decision on guidelines for the employment policies of the member states. This means Parliament adopted its position on the proposed law, which sets out employment policy guidelines for member states. Parliament asks the Council to notify it if the Council intends to depart from the text Parliament approved, and to consult Parliament again if it intends to substantially amend that text.
Jobs, social affairs & equality
New laws · report by Li Andersson · consultation · 14 ballots · voted 13:56 · A-10-2025-0160 · 2025/0154
Adopted 412–129–98 · by a large majority
Tuesday, 7 October 2025 2 matches
- Inland waterway transport: River Information Systems (RIS)
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to update EU rules on harmonised river information services (RIS) for inland waterway transport. The position includes changes to reduce administrative burden, improve implementation, and avoid premature interconnection with other systems. It also limits the scope to cross-border waterways, allowing voluntary application elsewhere, and calls for cooperation with third countries.
Economy & single marketTransport & tourism
New laws · report by Tom Berendsen · 1st reading · voted 13:26 · A-10-2025-0033 · 2024/0011
- Extension of the derogation for heavy-duty vehicles with zero emissions
Transport & tourismClimate & environment
New laws · 1st reading · 2 ballots · voted 13:27
Adopted 458–182–11 · by a large majority
Thursday, 11 September 2025 1 match
- Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspects
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to update EU rules on package travel and linked travel arrangements, aiming to strengthen traveller protection and simplify the law. The adopted text revises definitions, insolvency protection, cancellation rights, and introduces rules on vouchers and complaint handling. Parliament asks the Commission to re-refer the matter if it substantially amends its proposal, and will forward its position to the Council and national parliaments.
Economy & single marketTransport & tourism
New laws · report by Alex Agius Saliba · 1st reading · 17 ballots · voted 13:16 · A-10-2025-0140 · 2023/0435
Wednesday, 10 September 2025 4 matches
- European Social Fund (ESF+): specific measures to address strategic challenges
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to amend the European Social Fund+ regulation to address strategic challenges. The changes allow member states to redirect funds to new EU priorities, with incentives like higher pre-financing and co-financing rates. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends the proposal.
EU budget & fundsJobs, social affairs & equality
New laws · report by Marit Maij · 1st reading · 9 ballots · voted 14:17 · A-10-2025-0122 · 2025/0085
Adopted 453–149–59 · by a large majority - Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: simplification and strengthening
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to simplify and strengthen the EU's carbon border adjustment mechanism, which aims to ease obligations for small importers. The proposal introduces a de minimis exemption for imports below 50 tonnes, relieving around 90% of importers while keeping about 99% of emissions covered. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal, and forwards its position to the Council and national parliaments.
Climate & environmentEconomy & single marketTrade & customs
New laws · report by Antonio Decaro · 1st reading · 5 ballots · voted 14:19 · A-10-2025-0085 · 2025/0039
- Insolvency proceedings: replacing Annexes A and B
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed regulation updating the annexes of the EU law on cross-border insolvency proceedings. The annexes list the national procedures covered by the regulation, and the update reflects changes in member states' laws. Parliament asks the Commission to consult it again if the proposal is substantially amended.
New laws · report by Ilhan Kyuchyuk · 1st reading · voted 14:20 · A-10-2025-0127 · 2025/0023
- Extension of the timeframe for the establishment of the Eurojust case management system
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The European Parliament adopted its position on a proposed regulation to extend the timeframe for setting up the Eurojust case management system. The position takes over the Commission proposal, meaning Parliament agrees to the extension as proposed. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it makes substantial changes, and instructs its President to forward the position to the Council, Commission, and national parliaments.
New laws · report by Javier Zarzalejos · 1st reading · voted 14:21 · A-10-2025-0152 · 2025/0074
Tuesday, 9 September 2025 2 matches
- Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehicles
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed EU law setting circularity requirements for vehicle design and rules for managing end-of-life vehicles. The law aims to boost recycling of materials like steel and plastic, improve how old vehicles are handled, and align rules across member states. Parliament's position now goes to the Council for negotiation before the law can be finalized.
Economy & single marketTransport & tourismClimate & environment
New laws · report by Jens Gieseke, Paulius Saudargas · 1st reading · 67 ballots · voted 13:41 · A-10-2025-0158 · 2023/0284
Adopted 431–145–76 · by a large majority - Extension of the derogation for heavy-duty vehicles with zero emissions
Transport & tourismClimate & environment
New laws · 1st reading
Adopted no count published
Thursday, 10 July 2025 1 match
- Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 as regards obligations of economic operators concerning battery due diligence policies
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed law that would amend EU rules on battery due diligence policies for economic operators. The position takes over the Commission's proposal, meaning Parliament agrees with the proposed changes. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it makes substantial changes, and will forward its position to the Council, Commission, and national parliaments.
Climate & environmentHealthEconomy & single market
New laws · report by Antonio Decaro · 1st reading · 9 ballots · voted 13:10 · A-10-2025-0134 · 2025/0129
Tuesday, 17 June 2025 2 matches
- Combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child sexual abuse material and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (recast)
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed EU directive to combat child sexual abuse and exploitation, updating rules on defining offences and supporting victims. The directive aims to harmonise criminal law across member states, addressing crimes like child sexual abuse material and grooming, and to improve detection and reporting of online abuse. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends the proposal, and will forward its position to the Council and national parliaments.
Justice, rule of law & rightsDigital, AI & data
New laws · report by Jeroen Lenaers · 1st reading · 35 ballots · voted 13:37 · A-10-2025-0097 · 2024/0035
- Electoral rights of mobile Union citizens in European Parliament elections
EU institutions & ParliamentJustice, rule of law & rights
New laws · report by Sven Simon · consultation · 5 ballots · voted 13:45 · A-10-2025-0090 · 2021/0372
5 ballots, no final vote
Thursday, 22 May 2025 2 matches
- Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanism
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to simplify and strengthen the carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM), which sets a carbon price on certain imports into the EU. The proposal introduces a de minimis exemption for imports below 50 tonnes, relieving around 90% of importers from CBAM obligations while keeping about 99% of embedded emissions covered. It also streamlines the authorisation process for declarants, simplifies emission calculation procedures, and improves the management of CBAM-related financial liabilities. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal, and instructs its President to forward the position to the Council, Commission, and national parliaments.
Climate & environmentEconomy & single marketTrade & customs
New laws · report by Antonio Decaro · 1st reading · 30 ballots · voted 12:05 · A-10-2025-0085 · 2025/0039
- Modification of customs duties applicable to imports of certain goods originating in or exported from the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposed EU law to modify customs duties on certain goods imported from Russia and Belarus. The law aims to reduce EU dependence on Russian fertilisers and other agricultural imports, with tariff increases phased in over three years. Parliament also asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal.
Trade & customsEconomy & single marketAgriculture, food & fisheries
New laws · report by Inese Vaidere · 1st reading · 6 ballots · voted 12:16 · A-10-2025-0087 · 2025/0021
Adopted 411–100–78 · by a large majority
Thursday, 8 May 2025 2 matches
- CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles for 2025 to 2027
Climate & environmentTransport & tourism
New laws · 1st reading · 22 ballots · voted 13:10
Adopted 458–101–14 · by a large majority - Suspending certain parts of Regulation (EU) 2015/478 as regards imports of Ukrainian products into the European Union
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The European Parliament adopted its position on a proposed regulation that would suspend parts of Regulation (EU) 2015/478 on imports of Ukrainian products into the European Union. The regulation aims to adjust trade measures in response to the situation, with amendments to recital 7 and Article 4. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal, and instructs its President to forward the position to the Council, Commission, and national parliaments.
Foreign affairsTrade & customsEconomy & single market
New laws · report by Karin Karlsbro · 1st reading · 3 ballots · voted 13:40 · A-10-2025-0059 · 2025/0056
Adopted 354–147–53 · by a large majority
Wednesday, 7 May 2025 1 match
Tuesday, 6 May 2025 1 match
- CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles for 2025 to 2027
Climate & environmentTransport & tourism
New laws · 1st reading
Adopted no count published
Thursday, 3 April 2025 1 match
- Establishing an EU talent pool
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The EU talent pool is a proposed EU-wide platform to match jobseekers from non-EU countries with employers in the Union. Parliament adopted its position on the law, backing the proposal with amendments. The position calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends the proposal.
Migration & asylumJobs, social affairs & equality
New laws · report by Abir Al-Sahlani · 1st reading · voted 13:09 · A-10-2025-0045 · 2023/0404
Adopted 327–229–50 · by a clear majority
Wednesday, 2 April 2025 1 match
- Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. Parliament adopted its position on a proposal to strengthen security of identity cards and residence documents for EU citizens and their families. The proposal follows a Court of Justice ruling that the previous law was based on the wrong legal basis. Parliament approved the Commission's proposal as amended and calls on the Council to inform it if it intends to depart from the text.
New laws · report by Malik Azmani · consultation · 13 ballots · voted 13:31 · A-10-2025-0041 · 2024/0187
Adopted 377–279–16 · by a small majority
Tuesday, 1 April 2025 3 matches
- Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals Agency
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The proposal amends Directive 2011/65/EU to re-attribute scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). Parliament adopted its position at first reading, approving the re-attribution with amendments. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends the proposal.
Climate & environmentEU institutions & Parliament
New laws · report by Dimitris Tsiodras · 1st reading · 2 ballots · voted 13:11 · A-10-2025-0019 · 2023/0454
Adopted 482–110–81 · by a large majority - Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks and improving cooperation among Union agencies in the area of chemicals
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The proposal reassigns scientific and technical tasks among EU agencies dealing with chemicals and improves their cooperation. Parliament adopted its position on the proposed regulation, supporting the changes with amendments. Parliament calls on the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends its proposal.
Climate & environmentEU institutions & Parliament
New laws · report by Dimitris Tsiodras · 1st reading · 2 ballots · voted 13:12 · A-10-2025-0020 · 2023/0455
Adopted 486–171–18 · by a large majority - Customs duties on imports of certain products originating in the USA
Written by an AI from the text voted on. The outcome and the numbers come from Parliament’s official record. The proposal amends a 2018 EU regulation on additional customs duties on US imports by adding a de minimis threshold below which no duties apply. Parliament adopted its position at first reading, taking over the Commission proposal, meaning the amendment can proceed. Parliament asks the Commission to refer the matter back if it substantially amends the proposal, and forwards its position to the Council, Commission and national parliaments.
Trade & customsForeign affairsEconomy & single market
New laws · report by Bernd Lange · 1st reading · voted 13:27 · A-10-2025-0034 · 2025/0012