2025/0039(COD) Ordinary legislative procedure First reading

Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanism

A proposed EU law. Parliament and the Council must agree on the same text: Parliament adopts its position, then negotiates with the Council.

Where it stands: Completed: published in the Official Journal on 17 October 2025 and now EU law.

  1. ✓ Referred to committee 31 March 2025
  2. ✓ Committee work Report adopted 13 May 2025
  3. ✓ Tabled for plenary 14 May 2025
  4. ✓ Plenary vote Adopted 10 September 2025
  5. ✓ Negotiations with the Council
  6. ✓ Published as law 17 October 2025
How a file moves through Parliament

A file is referred to one lead committee (others may give an opinion). Its rapporteur writes a draft report, committee members table amendments, and the committee votes to adopt the report. The report is then tabled for all MEPs; political groups can table further amendments, which are voted on before the final vote in plenary. For a law, Parliament’s adopted text is its first-reading position; Parliament and the Council then negotiate a common text (trilogues) which both must approve before it is published as law.

Who is working on it

Lead committee
ENVI — Environment, Climate and Food Safety
Rapporteur
MEP #257122 S&D
Shadow rapporteurs
Adam JARUBAS PPEMohammed CHAHIM S&DMEP #256850 PfEAlexandr VONDRA ECRPascal CANFIN RenewSara MATTHIEU Verts/ALEJonas SJÖSTEDT The LeftAnja ARNDT ESN
For opinion
INTA — International Trade · rapporteur Karin KARLSBRO RenewITRE — Industry, Research and Energy · rapporteur MEP #256850 PfE

The rapporteur drafts and negotiates the text for the lead committee; each other political group names a shadow rapporteur to follow the file.

The text, version by version

Adopted by Parliament · latest Adopted text TA10-0178/2025 10 September 2025 ✦ Parliament's amended version of the proposed regulation simplifies and strengthens the carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM). It adjusts the scope, thresholds, and procedures for importers, and clarifies the role of the Commission.⇄ what changed Adopted by Parliament Adopted text TA10-0108/2025 22 May 2025 ✦ Parliament's amended version of the proposal to amend Regulation (EU) 2023/956 simplifies and strengthens the carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM).⇄ what changed Tabled for plenary Report A10-0085/2025 14 May 2025 ✦ Parliament's amended version of the proposed regulation amends the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to exempt electricity generated entirely in the exclusive economic zone of an EEA Member State and imported directly into the Union, and clarifies the definition of embedded emissions of input materials.

Committee opinions: Draft opinion (BUDG),Opinion (ITRE),Opinion (BUDG),Opinion (INTA)

Newest version first. Open a version to read it in full. “What changed” shows the differences paragraph by paragraph; ✦ lines are AI-written from the texts themselves.

Timeline

  1. Outcome
  2. 17 October 2025 Published in the Official Journal

    The act is now EU law.

  3. 8 October 2025 Signature
  4. 10 September 2025 Plenary decision
    📄 Adopted text TA10-0178/2025
  5. Plenary stage
  6. 10 September 2025 Plenary vote
    Sitting of 10 September 2025 📄 Report A10-0085/2025📄 Adopted text TA10-0178/2025
    Adopted Adopted by an overwhelming majority
    For 617 Against 18 Abstained 19

    Final vote on the provisional agreement at 14:19 · 94% of votes cast in favour · every MEP’s position →

    How the vote unfolded · 5 ballots

    adopted rejected lapsed square = amendment circle = part of the text decisive vote Solid = roll call (click for every MEP’s vote); faded = no individual positions

    Show all 5 ballots in voting order
    1. Proposal to vote on amendments
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    2. Final vote on the provisional agreement 14:19 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Accord provisoire - Am 32
    Adopted
    3. Final vote Text as a whole
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Lapsed
    4. Separate vote: after recital 2 After recital 2
    Lapsed
    5. Final vote Commission proposal
    Lapsed
  7. 9 September 2025 Debated in plenary

    MEPs debated the text in the chamber ahead of the vote.

    Sitting of 9 September 2025 📄 Council / Commission text C10-0035/2025📄 Report A10-0085/2025
  8. 2 September – 3 September 2025 2 amendments tabled for the plenary vote

    Groups propose changes to the tabled text; each is voted on before the final vote.

    📄 Amendment 32📄 Amendment 33
  9. 3 July 2025 Committee approve provisional agreement
    📄 ENVI-AG-775547
  10. 22 May 2025 Plenary refer committee interinstitutional negotiations
  11. 22 May 2025 Plenary decision
    📄 Adopted text TA10-0108/2025
  12. Plenary stage
  13. 22 May 2025 Plenary vote
    Sitting of 22 May 2025 📄 Report A10-0085/2025
    Adopted Adopted by an overwhelming majority
    For 564 Against 20 Abstained 12

    Final vote at 12:09 · 95% of votes cast in favour · every MEP’s position →

    How the vote unfolded · 30 ballots

    adopted rejected lapsed square = amendment circle = part of the text decisive vote Solid = roll call (click for every MEP’s vote); faded = no individual positions

    Show all 30 ballots in voting order
    1. Amendments by the committee responsible — put to the vote collectively Amendments by the committee responsible – put to the vote collectively
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    2. Separate vote: article 1, paragraph 1, point 1, point b Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 2, paragraph 3a, subparagraph 2 Article 1, § 1, point 1, point b Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 2, § 3a, sub§ 2
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    3. Separate vote: article 1, paragraph 1, point 4, point a Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 6, paragraph 1 Article 1, § 1, point 4, point a Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 6, § 1
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    4. Separate vote: article 1, paragraph 1, point 16, point a Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 22, paragraph 1 Article 1, § 1, point 16, point a Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 22, § 1
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    5. Separate vote: article 1, paragraph 1, point 16, point b Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 22, paragraph 2 Article 1, § 1, point 16, point b Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Article 22, § 2
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    6. Amendment 10 12:05 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Article 1, alinéa 1, point 16, sous-point b Règlement (UE) 2023/956 Article 22, § 2, point b - Am 10
    Rejected
    7. Amendments 7 + 11 (voted as one) 12:05 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Article 1, alinéa 1, point 21, sous-point a Règlement (UE) 2023/956 Article 26, après le § 1 - Am 7S= 11S=
    Rejected
    8. Amendment 15 12:06 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Article 1, § 1, après le point 23 Règlement (UE) 2023/956 Article 30, § 2 - Am 15
    Rejected
    9. Amendment 25 12:06 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Article 1, alinéa 1, après le point 24 Règlement (UE) 2023/956 après l'article 32 - Am 25
    Rejected
    10. Amendment 26 12:06 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Article 1, alinéa 1, point 25, sous-point a Règlement (UE) 2023/956 Article 36, § 2, point b - Am 26
    Rejected
    11. Amendment 31 12:06 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Article 1, alinéa 1, point 25, sous-point a Règlement (UE) 2023/956 Article 36, § 2, point b - Am 31
    Rejected
    12. Separate vote: annex I, paragraph 1, point 2, point a Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Annex IV, point 4.1, fourth sentence Annex I, § 1, point 2, point a Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Annex IV, point 4.1, fourth sentence
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    13. Amendment 12 12:07 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Annexe I, alinéa 1, point 2, sous-point a Règlement (UE) 2023/956 Annexe IV, point 4.1, quatrième phrase - Am 12
    Rejected
    14. Amendment 27 12:07 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Annexe II, point 1 Règlement (UE) 2023/956 Annexe VII, point 1 - Am 27
    Rejected
    15. Separate vote: annex II, point 2 Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Annex VII, point 2 Annex II, point 2 Regulation (EU) 2023/956 Annex VII, point 2
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    16. Separate vote: recital 1 Recital 1
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    17. Amendment 17 12:07 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 1 - Am 17
    Rejected
    18. Amendment 18 12:07 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 1 - Am 18
    Rejected
    19. Amendment 19 12:08 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 1 - Am 19
    Rejected
    20. Amendment 29 12:08 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 1 - Am 29
    Rejected
    21. Amendment 30 12:08 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 1 - Am 30
    Rejected
    22. Separate vote: recital 3 Recital 3
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    23. Separate vote: recital 4 Recital 4
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    24. Amendment 13 12:08 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 27 - Am 13
    Rejected
    25. Amendment 14 12:09 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 27 - Am 14
    Rejected
    26. Separate vote: after recital 27 After recital 27
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    27. Amendment 23 12:09 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 27 - Am 23
    Rejected
    28. Amendment 9 12:09 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Après le considérant 29 - Am 9
    Rejected
    29. Final vote 12:09 A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro - Proposition de la Commission
    Adopted
    30. Referral back to committee Request for referral back (Rule 60(4))
    show of hands — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
  14. 21 May 2025 Debated in plenary

    MEPs debated the text in the chamber ahead of the vote.

    Sitting of 21 May 2025 📄 Council / Commission text C10-0035/2025
  15. 19 May – 21 May 2025 31 amendments tabled for the plenary vote

    Groups propose changes to the tabled text; each is voted on before the final vote.

    📄 Amendments 1–3📄 Amendments 4–8📄 Amendments 9–12📄 Amendments 13–15📄 Amendments 16–25📄 Amendments 26–27📄 Amendment 28📄 Amendments 29–31
  16. 14 May 2025 Report tabled for plenary

    This is the text all MEPs vote on. Political groups can still table amendments to it.

    📄 Report A10-0085/2025
  17. Committee stage
  18. 13 May 2025 Committee vote: report adopted

    ENVI (Environment, Climate and Food Safety) voted on the amendments and adopted the report that goes to plenary.

  19. 24 April 2025 ITRE (Industry, Research and Energy) adopted its opinion

    The opinion is attached to the report for the lead committee to consider.

    📄 Opinion (ITRE)
  20. 23 April 2025 INTA (International Trade) adopted its opinion

    The opinion is attached to the report for the lead committee to consider.

    📄 Opinion (INTA)
  21. 23 April 2025 BUDG (Budgets) adopted its opinion

    The opinion is attached to the report for the lead committee to consider.

    📄 Opinion (BUDG)
  22. 8 April 2025 Amendments tabled in committee

    Members of ENVI (Environment, Climate and Food Safety) proposed changes to the draft.

    📄 Amendments in committee (ENVI)
  23. 31 March 2025 Referred to the ENVI (Environment, Climate and Food Safety) committee

    The lead committee prepares the report; INTA (International Trade), ITRE (Industry, Research and Energy) give an opinion.

  24. 27 March 2025 Draft opinion from BUDG (Budgets)

    An associated committee gives its view to the lead committee.

    📄 Draft opinion (BUDG)