Parliament adopted a resolution on a united response to recent Russian violations of EU member states' airspace and critical infrastructure. The text condemns Russia's military and hybrid provocations, expresses solidarity with affected states, and calls for a coordinated EU response with NATO. It urges member states to review rules of engagement and set up joint projects for a layered EU air defence system.
How the vote unfolded · 49 ballots
Before the final vote, MEPs decided on 4 amendments (4 rejected) and 38 parts of the text voted on separately (32 adopted, 4 rejected, 2 lapsed). 6 alternative motions lapsed once the text was adopted.
Roll calls requested by The Left, Renew, ECR, PfE · split votes by The Left (2), Verts/ALE (3), S&D, Renew, ECR (6), PfE (5) · separate votes by The Left, S&D, PfE.
adoptedrejectedlapsedsquare = amendmentcircle = part of the textdecisive voteSolid = roll call (click for every MEP’s vote); faded = no individual positions
All 49 ballots in voting order
1.Separate vote on paragraph 1A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by The Left·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
2.Separate vote on paragraph 1A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by The Left·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
3.Separate vote on paragraph 1A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by The Left·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
4.Paragraph 2 — part 1 of 2Part 1: ‘Encourages any initiative that enables the EU and its Member States to take coordinated, united and proportionate action against all violations of their airspace, including shooting down airborne threats;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by The Left
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
5.Paragraph 2 — part 213:20RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 2/2Part 2: ‘strongly condemns Russia’s reckless and escalatory actions of violating the airspace of EU Member States’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by The Left·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by The Left
Adopted
6.Paragraph 2 — part 2 of 2Part 2: ‘strongly condemns Russia’s reckless and escalatory actions of violating the airspace of EU Member States’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by The Left
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
7.Separate vote on paragraph 4A paragraph voted on its own, usually so a group can vote against just that part. requested by The Left
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
8.Vote on text inserted after paragraph 4
electronic vote (totals only) — no individual
positions recorded
Rejected
9.Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 413:21RC-B10-0419/2025 – After § 4 – Am 5A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by The Left
Rejected
10.Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 413:21RC-B10-0419/2025 – After § 4 – Am 6A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by The Left
Rejected
11.Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 413:21RC-B10-0419/2025 – After § 4 – Am 7A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by The Left
Rejected
12.Vote on text inserted after paragraph 4
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Rejected
13.Paragraph 5 — part 113:23RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 5/1Part 1: ‘Underlines that the EU and its Member States remain firmly committed to the rules-based international order and to all diplomatic efforts aimed at achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace for Ukraine, in full respect of its sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity within its internationally recognised borders;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by PfE·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by The Left, PfE
Adopted
14.Paragraph 5 — part 213:23RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 5/2Part 2: ‘calls, in this regard, for the Member States and the EU to closely and effectively coordinate their diplomatic initiatives in multilateral organisations, including the UN, in order to counter Russia’s systematic breaches of international law;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by PfE·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by The Left
Adopted
15.Separate vote on paragraph 613:23RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 6A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
Adopted
16.Paragraph 9 — part 1 of 2Part 1: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘is convinced that the headline goal process should cover not only crisis management but also collective defence, including the full capability spectrum under the national and international capability objectives’ and ‘insists on the urgent need to move towards a genuine European Defence Union, complementing NATO, and building on and going further than current frameworks such as that provided in the White Paper for European Defence – Readiness 2030;’”A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
17.Paragraph 9 — part 2 of 2Part 2: ‘is convinced that the headline goal process should cover not only crisis management but also collective defence, including the full capability spectrum under the national and international capability objectives’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
18.Paragraph 9 — part 313:23RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 9/3Part 3: ‘insists on the urgent need to move towards a genuine European Defence Union, complementing NATO, and building on and going further than current frameworks such as that provided in the White Paper for European Defence – Readiness 2030;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
Adopted
19.Paragraph 10 — part 113:24RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 10/1Part 1: ‘Calls for advances towards a European command-and-control structure that not only manages crises in line with the common security and defence policy (CSDP), but also serves as the equivalent of NATO’s Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE);’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
Adopted
20.Paragraph 10 — part 213:24RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 10/2Part 2: ‘notes that, to avoid duplication, such a structure should complement SHAPE and would provide proper resources to the EU Military Staff (EUMS);’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE
Adopted
21.Paragraph 10 — part 1 of 2Part 1: ‘Calls for advances towards a European command-and-control structure that not only manages crises in line with the common security and defence policy (CSDP), but also serves as the equivalent of NATO’s Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE);’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
22.Paragraph 10 — part 2 of 2Part 2: ‘notes that, to avoid duplication, such a structure should complement SHAPE and would provide proper resources to the EU Military Staff (EUMS);’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
23.Vote on text inserted after paragraph 11
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
24.Separate vote on paragraph 15
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
25.Separate vote on paragraph 16A paragraph voted on its own, usually so a group can vote against just that part. requested by S&D
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
26.Paragraph 22 — part 1 of 2Part 1: ‘Underlines the need for targets for both UAV and counter-UAV development, to ensure comprehensive UAV capabilities;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by Verts/ALE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
27.Paragraph 22 — part 2 of 2Part 2: ‘calls on the Commission to propose exemptions from EU environmental legislation for UAV manufacturing facilities;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by Verts/ALE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
28.Separate vote on paragraph 24
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
29.Vote on text inserted after paragraph 24
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
30.Separate vote on paragraph 27A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by S&D, Renew, ECR, PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
31.Paragraph 27 — part 213:25RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 27/2Part 2: ‘and calls for military support for the Member States concerned to be funded from the European Peace Facility;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by S&D, Renew, ECR, PfE
Rejected
32.Paragraph 27 — part 313:25RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 27/3Part 3: ‘is convinced that any Member State that opposes recourse to the European Peace Facility in such cases contravenes its duty of loyalty and solidarity under Article 24(3) TEU and its obligation of mutual aid and assistance enshrined in Article 42(7) TEU; considers, therefore, that an opposing vote may not be considered in the Council; recalls that constructive abstention should be possible for those Member States whose constitutional prerogatives require it;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by S&D, Renew, ECR, PfE
Rejected
33.Paragraph 28 — part 1 of 2Part 1: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘through instrumentalised migration,’”A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by Verts/ALE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
34.Paragraph 28 — part 2 of 2Part 2: “those words”A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by Verts/ALE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
35.Separate vote on paragraph 32A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
36.Paragraph 32 — part 213:27RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 32/2Part 2: ‘calls for the lifting of restrictions on the use of Western weapons systems delivered to Ukraine against military targets on Russian territory, as these are used for launching attacks on Ukraine’s population and critical civilian infrastructure;’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by ECR, PfE·A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by PfE
Adopted
37.Separate vote on paragraph 3313:28RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 33A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by ECR, PfE
Adopted
38.Amendment 3, adding text after recital A13:28RC-B10-0419/2025 – After recital A – Am 3A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by The Left
Rejected
39.Separate vote on recital NA paragraph voted on its own, usually so a group can vote against just that part. requested by PfE
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
40.Recital Q — part 1 of 3Part 1: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘the United States’ stance on’ and ‘and should be strengthened’”A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by Verts/ALE, ECR
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
41.Recital Q — part 2 of 3Part 2: ‘the United States’ stance on’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by Verts/ALE, ECR
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
42.Recital Q — part 3 of 3Part 3: ‘and should be strengthened’A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another. requested by Verts/ALE, ECR
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Adopted
43.Final vote — text as a whole13:28RC-B10-0419/2025 – Motion for a resolution (as a whole)A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. requested by Renew
Adopted
44.Alternative motion for a resolutionB10-0419/2025
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
45.Alternative motion for a resolutionB10-0421/2025
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
46.Alternative motion for a resolutionB10-0422/2025
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
47.Alternative motion for a resolutionB10-0423/2025
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
48.Alternative motion for a resolutionB10-0424/2025
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
49.Alternative motion for a resolutionB10-0437/2025
A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual
positions recorded
Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.
One day of voting in plenary. Each subject is a report, resolution, agreement or objection; they are grouped by kind of decision, and each group says what “adopted” means there.
The ballots
Members vote on amendments and on parts of the text first, then on the text as a whole. That final, decisive vote is the result shown at the top of each subject.
Who voted how
Only roll-call votes record each Member’s vote — open one for every name and the breakdown by group. A show of hands records the outcome only.
Document & procedure
Each subject rests on a document (a committee report, a motion, a Council or Commission text) and belongs to a procedure, the whole file that can span years.
Group badges
How most of a group voted: ✓ For · ✗ Against · – Abstained · ~ Split (no majority).
Codes in ballot labels
Am 27 — amendment 27
§ 5 — paragraph 5
§ 5/2, part 2 — a A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another., taken in parts
Am 3= 7= — identical amendments voted together
***I — Parliament’s first vote on a proposed EU law. It sets Parliament’s position for negotiations with the Council.; *** — Parliament can approve or reject the text, for example an international agreement, but cannot amend it.; * — Parliament gives its opinion on a proposal. The Council decides, but must wait for Parliament’s opinion.
Lapsed — Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.