The Commission’s 2024 Rule of Law report
Parliament sets out its own position on a topic. The resolution is not binding but signals what Parliament wants.
Where it stands: Parliament adopted the text on 18 June 2025. This is its final position on the matter.
- ✓ Referred to committee 28 November 2024
- ✓ Committee work Report adopted 20 May 2025
- ✓ Tabled for plenary 28 May 2025
- ✓ Plenary vote Adopted 18 June 2025
- ✓ Parliament’s position Final
How a file moves through Parliament
A file is referred to one lead committee (others may give an opinion). Its rapporteur writes a draft report, committee members table amendments, and the committee votes to adopt the report. The report is then tabled for all MEPs; political groups can table further amendments, which are voted on before the final vote in plenary. The adopted resolution is Parliament’s final position; it is not itself law.
Who is working on it
- Lead committee
- LIBE — Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs
- Rapporteur
- Ana Catarina MENDES S&D
- Shadow rapporteurs
- Michał WAWRYKIEWICZ PPEJorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PfEAlessandro CIRIANI ECRMoritz KÖRNER RenewDaniel FREUND Verts/ALEIsabel SERRA SÁNCHEZ The LeftMilan UHRÍK ESN
- For opinion
- AFET — Foreign Affairs JURI — Legal Affairs · rapporteur Ilhan KYUCHYUK Renew
The rapporteur drafts and negotiates the text for the lead committee; each other political group names a shadow rapporteur to follow the file.
The text, version by version
Latest Tabled for plenary → Adopted by Parliament: Adds a concern about attacks on judges and prosecutors in political cases, and welcomes a CJEU opinion on Hungary's LGBTIQ+ restrictions. Removes references to the Interinstitutional Body for Ethical Standards and the proposed 'wise persons group'. The other change is formal: updates directive references with '(EU)'. see the changes →
Committee draft → Tabled for plenary: The report is substantially expanded with many new paragraphs on judicial independence, anti-corruption, media freedom, civil society, and equality. New paragraphs address specific countries and issues, such as Hungary, LGBTIQ rights, and foreign interference. The report now includes calls for stronger enforcement mechanisms and a broader scope for future rule of law reports. The other changes are formal: the forwarding instruction is updated and a new explanatory section is added. see the changes →
Committee opinions: Draft opinion (AFET),Opinion (AFET),Draft opinion (JURI),Opinion (JURI)
Newest version first. Open a version to read it in full. “What changed” shows the differences paragraph by paragraph; ✦ lines are AI-written from the texts themselves.
Timeline
- Plenary stage
- 18 June 2025 Plenary voteAdopted Adopted by a large majorityFor 405 Against 210 Abstained 36
Final vote — text as a whole at 13:25 · 62% of votes cast in favour · every MEP’s position →
Show all 50 ballots in voting order
1. Amendment 2 13:17 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – Alternative motion for a resolution – Am 2Rejected2. Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 1 13:17 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 1 – Am 6RejectedRejectedAdopted5. Separate vote on paragraph 11AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded6. Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 11 13:18 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 11 – Am 8Rejected7. Separate vote on paragraph 30AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected9. Separate vote on paragraph 36AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdopted11. Separate vote on paragraph 47AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdoptedAdoptedAdopted15. Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 47 13:20 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 47 – Am 9Rejected16. Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 47 13:20 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 47 – Am 10Rejected17. Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 47 13:20 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 47 – Am 11Rejected18. Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 50 13:20 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 50 – Am 12Rejected19. Separate vote on paragraph 53AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdopted21. Separate vote on paragraph 53AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded22. Separate vote on paragraph 55AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded23. Separate vote on paragraph 55Adoptedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded24. Separate vote on paragraph 56AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded25. Separate vote on paragraph 56AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdopted27. Separate vote on paragraph 57Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded28. Separate vote on paragraph 57Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded29. Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 61 13:22 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 61 – Am 13Rejected30. Separate vote on paragraph 70AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded31. Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 70 13:22 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 70 – Am 14Rejected32. Separate vote on paragraph 74AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded33. Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 74 13:22 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 74 – Am 15RejectedRejected35. Separate vote on paragraph 85AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdoptedAdopted38. Separate vote on paragraph 88AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdopted40. Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 89 13:23 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After § 89 – Am 17Rejected41. Separate vote on paragraph 99AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected43. Separate vote on citation 22AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded44. Separate vote on citation 39AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded45. Separate vote on citation 43AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded46. Separate vote on citation 48AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded47. Separate vote on citation 55AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded48. Amendment 4, adding text after recital A 13:24 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After recital A – Am 4Rejected49. Amendment 5, adding text after recital A 13:25 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – After recital A – Am 5Rejected50. Final vote — text as a whole 13:25 A10-0100/2025 – Ana Catarina Mendes – Motion for a resolution (text as a whole)Adopted - 17 June 2025 Debated in plenary
MEPs debated the text in the chamber ahead of the vote.
- 11 June 2025 17 amendments tabled for the plenary vote
Groups propose changes to the tabled text; each is voted on before the final vote.
- 28 May 2025 Report tabled for plenary
This is the text all MEPs vote on. Political groups can still table amendments to it.
- Committee stage
- 20 May 2025 Committee vote: report adopted
LIBE (Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs) voted on the amendments and adopted the report that goes to plenary.
- 9 April 2025 AFET (Foreign Affairs) adopted its opinion
The opinion is attached to the report for the lead committee to consider.
- 18 March 2025 JURI (Legal Affairs) adopted its opinion
The opinion is attached to the report for the lead committee to consider.
- 18 February 2025 Amendments tabled in committee (3 batches)
Members of LIBE (Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs) proposed changes to the draft.
- 6 February 2025 Draft opinion from JURI (Legal Affairs)
An associated committee gives its view to the lead committee.
- 9 January 2025 Draft report published
The rapporteur’s first text in LIBE (Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs). Members can table amendments before the committee votes.
- 28 November 2024 Referred to the LIBE (Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs) committee
The lead committee prepares the report; AFET (Foreign Affairs), JURI (Legal Affairs) give an opinion.