A paragraph or amendment voted in separate parts, so groups can back one part and oppose another.
White paper on the future of European defence
A vote in which every MEP’s individual position is recorded and published. on · Rejected
Official label: RC-B10-0146/2025/REV1 – § 69/3
For 305 Against 309 Abstained 53
667 votes cast
Where this vote fits
- Sitting
- 12 March 2025
- This vote
- Vote 141 of 194 on this subject — a vote on part of the text
- This part
- ‘and insists that the current security environment and the multiple, complex and evolving security threats require Member States to increase their defence spending to at least 3 % of GDP;’
- Political groups can ask for a roll call, or for a paragraph to be voted separately or in parts.
- split vote: PPE, ECR · roll call: PfE
A proposed change to the text, voted on before the final vote. change the text; the The last vote on a text as a whole, after all amendments. It decides whether the text is adopted. decides it.
By political group
| Group | For | Against | Abstained | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left · democratic socialism, communism. Founded 1995 (as GUE; “The Left” since 2021) | 0 | 39 | 4 | |
| Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | 29 | 13 | 7 | |
| Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | 16 | 101 | 15 | |
| Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | 63 | 6 | 2 | |
| Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | 150 | 7 | 11 | |
| Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | 41 | 29 | 3 | |
| Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | 0 | 74 | 8 | |
| Far-right · ultranationalism. Founded July 2024 | 2 | 17 | 2 | |
| Not a group — members sitting without affiliation | 4 | 23 | 1 |
Individual votes (667)
| Member | CountryCtry | Group | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abir AL-SAHLANI | Sweden SE | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Adam BIELAN | Poland PL | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Adam JARUBAS | Poland PL | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Adina VĂLEAN | Romania RO | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Adnan DIBRANI | Sweden SE | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Adrián VÁZQUEZ LÁZARA | Spain ES | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Adrian-George AXINIA | Romania RO | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Afroditi LATINOPOULOU | Greece GR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Abstained |
| Alberico GAMBINO | Italy IT | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | Against |
| Aldo PATRICIELLO | Italy IT | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Abstained |
| Aleksandar NIKOLIC | France FR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Alessandra MORETTI | Italy IT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Alessandro ZAN | Italy IT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Alex AGIUS SALIBA | Malta MT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Alexander BERNHUBER | Austria AT | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | Abstained |
| Alexander JUNGBLUTH | Germany DE | Far-right · ultranationalism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Alexander SELL | Germany DE | Far-right · ultranationalism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Alexandr VONDRA | Czechia CZ | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Alexandra GEESE | Germany DE | Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | For |
| Alexandra MEHNERT | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Alexandre VARAUT | France FR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Alice KUHNKE | Sweden SE | Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | For |
| Alice TEODORESCU MÅWE | Sweden SE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Alicia HOMS GINEL | Spain ES | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Alvise PÉREZ | Spain ES | Not a group — members sitting without affiliation | For |
| Ana Catarina MENDES | Portugal PT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Ana Miguel PEDRO | Portugal PT | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Ana MIRANDA PAZ | Spain ES | Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | Against |
| Ana VASCONCELOS | Portugal PT | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Anders VISTISEN | Denmark DK | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Andi CRISTEA | Romania RO | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| András GYÜRK | Hungary HU | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| André FRANQUEIRA RODRIGUES | Portugal PT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| André ROUGÉ | France FR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Andrea WECHSLER | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Andreas SCHIEDER | Austria AT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Andreas SCHWAB | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Andrey KOVATCHEV | Bulgaria BG | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Andrey NOVAKOV | Bulgaria BG | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | Abstained |
| Andrzej BUŁA | Poland PL | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Andrzej HALICKI | Poland PL | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Angelika NIEBLER | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Angéline FURET | France FR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Anja ARNDT | Germany DE | Far-right · ultranationalism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Anja HAZEKAMP | Netherlands NL | Left · democratic socialism, communism. Founded 1995 (as GUE; “The Left” since 2021) | Against |
| Anna BRYŁKA | Poland PL | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Anna CAVAZZINI | Germany DE | Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | For |
| Anna STROLENBERG | Netherlands NL | Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | For |
| Anna STÜRGKH | Austria AT | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Anna ZALEWSKA | Poland PL | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON | Finland FI | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Annalisa CORRADO | Italy IT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Annamária VICSEK | Hungary HU | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Anne-Sophie FRIGOUT | France FR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Anouk VAN BRUG | Netherlands NL | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Anthony SMITH | France FR | Left · democratic socialism, communism. Founded 1995 (as GUE; “The Left” since 2021) | Against |
| Antonella SBERNA | Italy IT | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | Against |
| Antonio DECARO | Italy IT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE | Spain ES | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| António TÂNGER CORRÊA | Portugal PT | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Aodhán Ó RÍORDÁIN | Ireland IE | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Arash SAEIDI | France FR | Left · democratic socialism, communism. Founded 1995 (as GUE; “The Left” since 2021) | Against |
| Arba KOKALARI | Sweden SE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Arkadiusz MULARCZYK | Poland PL | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Arno BAUSEMER | Germany DE | Far-right · ultranationalism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Asger CHRISTENSEN | Denmark DK | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Auke ZIJLSTRA | Netherlands NL | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Aura SALLA | Finland FI | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Aurelijus VERYGA | Lithuania LT | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Aurore LALUCQ | France FR | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Abstained |
| Axel VOSS | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Barbara BONTE | Belgium BE | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Barry ANDREWS | Ireland IE | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | Against |
| Barry COWEN | Ireland IE | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | Against |
| Bart GROOTHUIS | Netherlands NL | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Bartłomiej SIENKIEWICZ | Poland PL | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Bartosz ARŁUKOWICZ | Poland PL | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Beata SZYDŁO | Poland PL | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Beatrice TIMGREN | Sweden SE | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Benedetta SCUDERI | Italy IT | Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | Against |
| Benoit CASSART | Belgium BE | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Bernard GUETTA | France FR | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Bernd LANGE | Germany DE | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Bert-Jan RUISSEN | Netherlands NL | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Biljana BORZAN | Croatia HR | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Billy KELLEHER | Ireland IE | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | Against |
| Birgit SIPPEL | Germany DE | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Bogdan Andrzej ZDROJEWSKI | Poland PL | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Bogdan RZOŃCA | Poland PL | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Borja GIMÉNEZ LARRAZ | Spain ES | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Brando BENIFEI | Italy IT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Branislav ONDRUŠ | Slovakia SK | Not a group — members sitting without affiliation | Against |
| Branko GRIMS | Slovenia SI | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Brigitte VAN DEN BERG | Netherlands NL | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Bruno GONÇALVES | Portugal PT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Bruno TOBBACK | Belgium BE | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Camilla LAURETI | Italy IT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Carla TAVARES | Portugal PT | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | For |
| Carlo CICCIOLI | Italy IT | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | Against |
| Carlo FIDANZA | Italy IT | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | Against |
| Carmen CRESPO DÍAZ | Spain ES | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Carola RACKETE | Germany DE | Left · democratic socialism, communism. Founded 1995 (as GUE; “The Left” since 2021) | Against |
| Carolina MORACE | Italy IT | Left · democratic socialism, communism. Founded 1995 (as GUE; “The Left” since 2021) | Against |
| Catarina MARTINS | Portugal PT | Left · democratic socialism, communism. Founded 1995 (as GUE; “The Left” since 2021) | Against |
| Catarina VIEIRA | Netherlands NL | Centre-left · green politics, regionalism. Founded 1999 | For |
| Caterina CHINNICI | Italy IT | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Catherine GRISET | France FR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Céline IMART | France FR | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| César LUENA | Spain ES | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Against |
| Charlie WEIMERS | Sweden SE | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | For |
| Chiara GEMMA | Italy IT | Right-wing · national conservatism, EU-critical. Founded 2009 | Against |
| Chloé RIDEL | France FR | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Abstained |
| Christel SCHALDEMOSE | Denmark DK | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | For |
| Christian DOLESCHAL | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Christian EHLER | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Christine ANDERSON | Germany DE | Far-right · ultranationalism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Christine SCHNEIDER | Germany DE | Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism. Founded 1953 (as Christian Democratic Group) | For |
| Christine SINGER | Germany DE | Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism. Founded 2019 (successor of ALDE, 1976) | For |
| Christophe BAY | France FR | Far-right · national conservatism, right-wing populism. Founded July 2024 | Against |
| Christophe CLERGEAU | France FR | Centre-left · social democracy. Founded 1953 (as Socialist Group; S&D since 2009) | Abstained |