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Own-initiative report First reading

Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024

Parliament sets out its own position on a topic. The resolution is not binding but signals what Parliament wants.

Where it stands: Parliament adopted the text on 2 April 2025. This is its final position on the matter.

  1. ✓ Referred to committee 28 November 2024
  2. ✓ Committee work Report adopted 30 January 2025
  3. ✓ Tabled for plenary 10 February 2025
  4. ✓ Plenary vote Adopted 2 April 2025
  5. ✓ Parliament’s position Final
How a file moves through Parliament

A file is referred to one lead committee (others may give an opinion). Its rapporteur writes a draft report, committee members table amendments, and the committee votes to adopt the report. The report is then tabled for all MEPs; political groups can table further amendments, which are voted on before the final vote in plenary. The adopted resolution is Parliament’s final position; it is not itself law.

Who is working on it

Lead committee
AFET — Foreign Affairs
Rapporteur
Nicolás PASCUAL DE LA PARTE PPE
Shadow rapporteurs
Tobias CREMER S&DPierre-Romain THIONNET PfEReinis POZŅAKS ECRBart GROOTHUIS RenewMārtiņš STAĶIS Verts/ALEÖzlem DEMIREL The LeftHans NEUHOFF ESN

The rapporteur drafts and negotiates the text for the lead committee; each other political group names a shadow rapporteur to follow the file.

The text, version by version

Latest Tabled for plenary → Adopted by Parliament: The report adds extensive new content on the US shift and the need for Europe to strengthen defence, including calls for security commitments to Ukraine and welcoming new initiatives like the White Paper and ReArm Europe. It updates positions on the Middle East, including the ceasefire in Gaza and the Arab Recovery Plan, and on the Great Lakes region, condemning M23 and calling for suspension of military cooperation with Rwanda. It adds calls for action against the Russian shadow fleet, for an EU drone package, and for increased defence funding, including common debt and a defence bank. It strengthens language on border protection, including physical barriers, and on military mobility, and updates the EU's partnership with North America and Indo-Pacific countries. The other changes are formal: renumbering, decimal separators, and updated citations. see the changes →

Committee draft → Tabled for plenary: The report expands significantly on threats from Russia, China, and the Middle East, adding detailed paragraphs on Ukraine support and regional security. It strengthens defence industrial policy, adding calls for joint procurement, PESCO reform, and increased R&D investment. It adds extensive sections on hybrid threats, cybersecurity, space, maritime security, and civil-military preparedness. It broadens partnerships with NATO, US, UK, and Indo-Pacific countries, and enhances parliamentary scrutiny. The other changes are formal or wording: renumbering, punctuation, and minor rephrasing. see the changes →

Newest version first. Open a version to read it in full. “What changed” shows the differences paragraph by paragraph; ✦ lines are AI-written from the texts themselves.

Timeline

  1. Plenary stage
  2. Adopted Adopted by a clear majority
    For 399 Against 198 Abstained 71

    Final vote — text as a whole at 14:22 · 60% of votes cast in favour · every MEP’s position →

    How the vote unfolded · 178 ballots

    adopted rejected lapsed square = amendment circle = part of the text decisive vote Solid = roll call (click for every MEP’s vote); faded = no individual positions

    Show all 178 ballots in voting order
    1. Separate vote on paragraph 1
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    2. Amendment 65 to paragraph 1 14:01 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 1 – Am 65
    Rejected
    3. Amendment 65 to paragraph 1 14:02 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 1 – Am 65
    Adopted
    4. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 1
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    5. Amendment 66, adding text after paragraph 1 14:02 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 1 – Am 66
    Rejected
    6. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 1
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    7. Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 1 14:02 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 1 – Am 68
    Rejected
    8. Amendment 69 to paragraph 2 14:02 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 2 – Am 69
    Rejected
    9. Separate vote on paragraph 3
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    10. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 3
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    11. Separate vote on paragraph 4
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    12. Amendment 70, adding text after paragraph 4 14:03 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 4 – Am 70
    Adopted
    13. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 4
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    14. Separate vote on paragraph 5
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    15. Separate vote on paragraph 5
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    16. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 5
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    17. Separate vote on paragraph 7
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    18. Separate vote on paragraph 7
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    19. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 7
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    20. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 7
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    21. Amendment 73, adding text after paragraph 7 14:03 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 7 – Am 73
    Rejected
    22. Separate vote on paragraph 8
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    23. Separate vote on paragraph 9
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    24. Amendment 125 to paragraph 9 14:04 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 9 – Am 125
    Rejected
    25. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 9
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    26. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 9
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    27. Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 9 14:04 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 9 – Am 21
    Adopted
    28. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 9
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    29. Amendment 1 to paragraph 10 14:04 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 10 – Am 1
    Rejected
    30. Separate vote on paragraph 10
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    31. Amendment 74 to paragraph 10 — part 1 14:05 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 10 – Am 74/1
    Rejected
    32. Amendment 74 to paragraph 10 — part 2 14:05 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 10 – Am 74/2
    Rejected
    34. Separate vote on paragraph 10
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    35. Separate vote on paragraph 10
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    36. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 10
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    37. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 10
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    38. Amendment 77 to paragraph 11 14:05 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 11 – Am 77
    Rejected
    39. Separate vote on paragraph 11
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    40. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    41. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    42. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    43. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    44. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    45. Amendment 79 to paragraph 13 14:06 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 13 – Am 79
    Rejected
    46. Separate vote on paragraph 13
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    47. Separate vote on paragraph 13
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    48. Separate vote on paragraph 13
    — no individual positions recorded
    49. Separate vote on paragraph 13
    — no individual positions recorded
    50. Separate vote on paragraph 13
    — no individual positions recorded
    51. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 13
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    52. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 13
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    53. Separate vote on paragraph 14
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    54. Separate vote on paragraph 15
    electronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    55. Separate vote on paragraph 15
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    56. Separate vote on paragraph 17
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    57. Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 1 14:07 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 17 – Am 30/1
    Adopted
    58. Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 2 14:07 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 17 – Am 30/2
    Adopted
    59. Separate vote on paragraph 18
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    60. Amendment 137 to paragraph 18 14:08 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 18 – Am 137
    Rejected
    61. Separate vote on paragraph 19
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    62. Separate vote on paragraph 20
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    63. Separate vote on paragraph 21
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    64. Separate vote on paragraph 22
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    65. Separate vote on paragraph 24
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    66. Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 24 14:08 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 24 – Am 2
    Rejected
    67. Amendment 84, adding text after paragraph 24 14:08 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 24 – Am 84
    Rejected
    68. Amendment 119, adding text after paragraph 24 14:09 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 24 – Am 119
    Rejected
    69. Separate vote on paragraph 26
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    70. Separate vote on paragraph 27
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    71. Separate vote on paragraph 29
    electronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    72. Separate vote on paragraph 29
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    73. Separate vote on paragraph 29
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    74. Separate vote on paragraph 30
    electronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    75. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 30
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    76. Amendment 130 to paragraph 31 14:10 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 31 – Am 130
    Rejected
    77. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 32
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    78. Separate vote on paragraph 33
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    79. Amendment 131 to paragraph 33 14:10 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 33 – Am 131
    Rejected
    80. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 40
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    81. Separate vote on paragraph 42
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    82. Separate vote on paragraph 43
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    83. Amendment 132, adding text after paragraph 44 14:11 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 44 – Am 132
    Adopted
    84. Separate vote on paragraph 47
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    85. Amendment 85 to paragraph 49 14:11 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 49 – Am 85
    Rejected
    86. Amendment 140 to paragraph 49 14:11 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 49 – Am 140
    Rejected
    87. Amendment 133 to paragraph 49 14:11 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 49 – Am 133
    Rejected
    88. Paragraph 49 — part 1 14:12 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 49/1
    Adopted
    89. Paragraph 49 — part 2 14:12 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 49/2
    Adopted
    90. Paragraph 49 — part 3 14:12 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 49/3
    Adopted
    91. Paragraph 49 — part 4 14:12 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 49/4
    Adopted
    92. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 53
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    93. Separate vote on paragraph 54
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    94. Separate vote on paragraph 54
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    95. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 55
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    96. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 55
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    97. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 55
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    98. Amendment 141 to paragraph 56 14:13 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 56 – Am 141
    Rejected
    99. Separate vote on paragraph 56
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    100. Paragraph 56 — part 2 14:13 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 56/2
    Adopted
    101. Separate vote on paragraph 57
    electronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    102. Amendment 101, adding text after paragraph 57 14:14 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 57 – Am 101
    Adopted
    103. Amendment 121, adding text after paragraph 57 14:14 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 57 – Am 121
    Adopted
    104. Separate vote on paragraph 59
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    105. Separate vote on paragraph 66
    electronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    106. Amendment 86 to paragraph 68 14:15 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 68 – Am 86
    Rejected
    107. Separate vote on paragraph 68
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    108. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 68
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    109. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 68
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    110. Amendment 88 to paragraph 69 14:15 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 69 – Am 88
    Rejected
    111. Separate vote on paragraph 69
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    112. Separate vote on paragraph 69
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    113. Separate vote on paragraph 69
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    114. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 69
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    115. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 74
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    116. Separate vote on paragraph 75
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    117. Separate vote on paragraph 75
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    118. Separate vote on paragraph 77
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    119. Separate vote on paragraph 77
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    120. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 83
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    121. Separate vote on paragraph 85
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    122. Separate vote on paragraph 88
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    123. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 88
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    124. Separate vote on paragraph 90
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    125. Separate vote on paragraph 92
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    126. Paragraph 92 — part 2 14:16 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 92/2
    Adopted
    127. Separate vote on paragraph 98
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    128. Separate vote on paragraph 102
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    129. Separate vote on paragraph 113
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    130. Amendment 122 to paragraph 118 — part 1 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 118 – Am 122/1
    Adopted
    131. Amendment 122 to paragraph 118 — part 2 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 118 – Am 122/2
    Rejected
    132. Separate vote on paragraph 118
    — no individual positions recorded
    133. Separate vote on paragraph 118
    — no individual positions recorded
    134. Separate vote on paragraph 124
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    135. Amendment 145, adding text after paragraph 124 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 124 – Am 145
    Rejected
    136. Amendment 146 to paragraph 125 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 125 – Am 146
    Adopted
    137. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 127
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    138. Separate vote on paragraph 129
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    139. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 129
    electronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    140. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 129
    electronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    141. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 132
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    142. Separate vote on paragraph 135
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    143. Amendment 147 to paragraph 135 14:19 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 135 – Am 147
    Rejected
    144. Separate vote on paragraph 137
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    145. Separate vote on paragraph 140
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    146. Separate vote on paragraph 140
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    147. Separate vote on paragraph 140
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    148. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 141
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    149. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 141
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    150. Amendment 148 to paragraph 143 14:19 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 143 – Am 148
    Rejected
    151. Amendment 96, adding text after paragraph 145 14:20 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 145 – Am 96
    Rejected
    152. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 145
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    153. Separate vote on subheading 28
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    154. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 149
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    155. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 150
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    156. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 150
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    157. Amendment 149 to paragraph 151 14:20 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 151 – Am 149
    Rejected
    158. Separate vote on paragraph 153
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    159. Separate vote on paragraph 155
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    160. Separate vote on paragraph 158
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    161. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 158
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    162. Amendment 61, adding text after citation 3 14:20 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – after citation 3 – Am 61
    Rejected
    163. Separate vote on citation 35
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    164. Vote on text inserted after citation 58
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    165. Separate vote on recital A
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    166. Separate vote on recital B
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    167. Vote on text inserted after recital B
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    168. Separate vote on recital C
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    169. Separate vote on recital C
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    170. Vote on text inserted after recital D
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    171. Separate vote on recital E
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    172. Separate vote on recital L
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    173. Vote on text inserted after recital M
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    174. Vote on text inserted after recital P
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    175. Separate vote on recital X
    — no individual positions recorded
    Adopted
    176. Vote on text inserted after recital AA
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    177. Vote on text inserted after recital AC
    — no individual positions recorded
    Rejected
    178. Final vote — text as a whole 14:22 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – Motion for a resolution (as a whole)
    Adopted
  3. 1 April 2025 Debated in plenary

    MEPs debated the text in the chamber ahead of the vote.

  4. 10 February 2025 Report tabled for plenary

    This is the text all MEPs vote on. Political groups can still table amendments to it.

  5. Committee stage
  6. 30 January 2025 Committee vote: report adopted

    AFET (Foreign Affairs) voted on the amendments and adopted the report that goes to plenary.

  7. 28 November 2024 Referred to the AFET (Foreign Affairs) committee

    The lead committee prepares Parliament’s report.

  8. 8 November 2024 Amendments tabled in committee

    Members of AFET (Foreign Affairs) proposed changes to the draft.

  9. 11 October 2024 Draft report published

    The rapporteur’s first text in AFET (Foreign Affairs). Members can table amendments before the committee votes.