Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024
Parliament sets out its own position on a topic. The resolution is not binding but signals what Parliament wants.
Where it stands: Parliament adopted the text on 2 April 2025. This is its final position on the matter.
- ✓ Referred to committee 28 November 2024
- ✓ Committee work Report adopted 30 January 2025
- ✓ Tabled for plenary 10 February 2025
- ✓ Plenary vote Adopted 2 April 2025
- ✓ Parliament’s position Final
How a file moves through Parliament
A file is referred to one lead committee (others may give an opinion). Its rapporteur writes a draft report, committee members table amendments, and the committee votes to adopt the report. The report is then tabled for all MEPs; political groups can table further amendments, which are voted on before the final vote in plenary. The adopted resolution is Parliament’s final position; it is not itself law.
Who is working on it
- Lead committee
- AFET — Foreign Affairs
- Rapporteur
- Nicolás PASCUAL DE LA PARTE PPE
- Shadow rapporteurs
- Tobias CREMER S&DPierre-Romain THIONNET PfEReinis POZŅAKS ECRBart GROOTHUIS RenewMārtiņš STAĶIS Verts/ALEÖzlem DEMIREL The LeftHans NEUHOFF ESN
The rapporteur drafts and negotiates the text for the lead committee; each other political group names a shadow rapporteur to follow the file.
The text, version by version
Latest Tabled for plenary → Adopted by Parliament: The report adds extensive new content on the US shift and the need for Europe to strengthen defence, including calls for security commitments to Ukraine and welcoming new initiatives like the White Paper and ReArm Europe. It updates positions on the Middle East, including the ceasefire in Gaza and the Arab Recovery Plan, and on the Great Lakes region, condemning M23 and calling for suspension of military cooperation with Rwanda. It adds calls for action against the Russian shadow fleet, for an EU drone package, and for increased defence funding, including common debt and a defence bank. It strengthens language on border protection, including physical barriers, and on military mobility, and updates the EU's partnership with North America and Indo-Pacific countries. The other changes are formal: renumbering, decimal separators, and updated citations. see the changes →
Committee draft → Tabled for plenary: The report expands significantly on threats from Russia, China, and the Middle East, adding detailed paragraphs on Ukraine support and regional security. It strengthens defence industrial policy, adding calls for joint procurement, PESCO reform, and increased R&D investment. It adds extensive sections on hybrid threats, cybersecurity, space, maritime security, and civil-military preparedness. It broadens partnerships with NATO, US, UK, and Indo-Pacific countries, and enhances parliamentary scrutiny. The other changes are formal or wording: renumbering, punctuation, and minor rephrasing. see the changes →
Newest version first. Open a version to read it in full. “What changed” shows the differences paragraph by paragraph; ✦ lines are AI-written from the texts themselves.
Timeline
- Plenary stage
- 2 April 2025 Plenary voteAdopted Adopted by a clear majorityFor 399 Against 198 Abstained 71
Final vote — text as a whole at 14:22 · 60% of votes cast in favour · every MEP’s position →
Show all 178 ballots in voting order
1. Separate vote on paragraph 1RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejectedAdopted4. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 1AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded5. Amendment 66, adding text after paragraph 1 14:02 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 1 – Am 66Rejected6. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 1RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded7. Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 1 14:02 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 1 – Am 68RejectedRejected9. Separate vote on paragraph 3RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded10. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 3AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded11. Separate vote on paragraph 4RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded12. Amendment 70, adding text after paragraph 4 14:03 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 4 – Am 70Adopted13. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 4RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded14. Separate vote on paragraph 5RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded15. Separate vote on paragraph 5RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded16. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 5RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded17. Separate vote on paragraph 7RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded18. Separate vote on paragraph 7RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded19. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 7AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded20. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 7AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded21. Amendment 73, adding text after paragraph 7 14:03 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 7 – Am 73Rejected22. Separate vote on paragraph 8RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded23. Separate vote on paragraph 9AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected25. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 9AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded26. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 9AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded27. Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 9 14:04 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 9 – Am 21Adopted28. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 9AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected30. Separate vote on paragraph 10AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded31. Amendment 74 to paragraph 10 — part 1 14:05 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 10 – Am 74/1Rejected32. Amendment 74 to paragraph 10 — part 2 14:05 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 10 – Am 74/2RejectedNot put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.34. Separate vote on paragraph 10AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded35. Separate vote on paragraph 10RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded36. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 10RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded37. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 10RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected39. Separate vote on paragraph 11RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded40. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded41. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded42. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded43. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded44. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 12RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected46. Separate vote on paragraph 13AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded47. Separate vote on paragraph 13RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded48. Separate vote on paragraph 13Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded49. Separate vote on paragraph 13Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded50. Separate vote on paragraph 13Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded51. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 13AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded52. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 13AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded53. Separate vote on paragraph 14RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded54. Separate vote on paragraph 15Adoptedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded55. Separate vote on paragraph 15RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded56. Separate vote on paragraph 17RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded57. Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 1 14:07 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 17 – Am 30/1Adopted58. Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 2 14:07 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 17 – Am 30/2Adopted59. Separate vote on paragraph 18RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected61. Separate vote on paragraph 19RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded62. Separate vote on paragraph 20RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded63. Separate vote on paragraph 21RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded64. Separate vote on paragraph 22AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded65. Separate vote on paragraph 24RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded66. Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 24 14:08 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 24 – Am 2Rejected67. Amendment 84, adding text after paragraph 24 14:08 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 24 – Am 84Rejected68. Amendment 119, adding text after paragraph 24 14:09 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 24 – Am 119Rejected69. Separate vote on paragraph 26RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded70. Separate vote on paragraph 27RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded71. Separate vote on paragraph 29Rejectedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded72. Separate vote on paragraph 29RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded73. Separate vote on paragraph 29AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded74. Separate vote on paragraph 30Adoptedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded75. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 30AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected77. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 32RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded78. Separate vote on paragraph 33RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected80. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 40AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded81. Separate vote on paragraph 42AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded82. Separate vote on paragraph 43AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded83. Amendment 132, adding text after paragraph 44 14:11 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 44 – Am 132Adopted84. Separate vote on paragraph 47AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejectedRejectedRejectedAdoptedAdoptedAdoptedAdopted92. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 53AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded93. Separate vote on paragraph 54AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded94. Separate vote on paragraph 54AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded95. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 55AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded96. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 55AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded97. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 55AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected99. Separate vote on paragraph 56AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdopted101. Separate vote on paragraph 57Rejectedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded102. Amendment 101, adding text after paragraph 57 14:14 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 57 – Am 101Adopted103. Amendment 121, adding text after paragraph 57 14:14 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 57 – Am 121Adopted104. Separate vote on paragraph 59RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded105. Separate vote on paragraph 66Adoptedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recordedRejected107. Separate vote on paragraph 68AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded108. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 68AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded109. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 68RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedRejected111. Separate vote on paragraph 69AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded112. Separate vote on paragraph 69AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded113. Separate vote on paragraph 69AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded114. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 69AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded115. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 74AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded116. Separate vote on paragraph 75RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded117. Separate vote on paragraph 75RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded118. Separate vote on paragraph 77AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded119. Separate vote on paragraph 77AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded120. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 83AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded121. Separate vote on paragraph 85AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded122. Separate vote on paragraph 88AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded123. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 88AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded124. Separate vote on paragraph 90AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded125. Separate vote on paragraph 92AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recordedAdopted127. Separate vote on paragraph 98RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded128. Separate vote on paragraph 102AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded129. Separate vote on paragraph 113RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded130. Amendment 122 to paragraph 118 — part 1 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 118 – Am 122/1Adopted131. Amendment 122 to paragraph 118 — part 2 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 118 – Am 122/2Rejected132. Separate vote on paragraph 118Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded133. Separate vote on paragraph 118Not put to a vote, because an earlier vote already settled the matter.A vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded134. Separate vote on paragraph 124RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded135. Amendment 145, adding text after paragraph 124 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 124 – Am 145Rejected136. Amendment 146 to paragraph 125 14:17 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 125 – Am 146Adopted137. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 127AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded138. Separate vote on paragraph 129RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded139. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 129Rejectedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded140. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 129Adoptedelectronic vote (totals only) — no individual positions recorded141. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 132RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded142. Separate vote on paragraph 135RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded143. Amendment 147 to paragraph 135 14:19 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 135 – Am 147Rejected144. Separate vote on paragraph 137RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded145. Separate vote on paragraph 140RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded146. Separate vote on paragraph 140RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded147. Separate vote on paragraph 140RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded148. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 141AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded149. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 141AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded150. Amendment 148 to paragraph 143 14:19 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 143 – Am 148Rejected151. Amendment 96, adding text after paragraph 145 14:20 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – After § 145 – Am 96Rejected152. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 145RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded153. Separate vote on subheading 28AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded154. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 149AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded155. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 150AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded156. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 150RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded157. Amendment 149 to paragraph 151 14:20 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – § 151 – Am 149Rejected158. Separate vote on paragraph 153AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded159. Separate vote on paragraph 155RejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded160. Separate vote on paragraph 158AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded161. Vote on text inserted after paragraph 158AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded162. Amendment 61, adding text after citation 3 14:20 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – after citation 3 – Am 61Rejected163. Separate vote on citation 35AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded164. Vote on text inserted after citation 58AdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded165. Separate vote on recital ARejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded166. Separate vote on recital BAdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded167. Vote on text inserted after recital BAdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded168. Separate vote on recital CAdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded169. Separate vote on recital CAdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded170. Vote on text inserted after recital DAdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded171. Separate vote on recital ERejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded172. Separate vote on recital LRejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded173. Vote on text inserted after recital MRejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded174. Vote on text inserted after recital PRejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded175. Separate vote on recital XAdoptedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded176. Vote on text inserted after recital AARejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded177. Vote on text inserted after recital ACRejectedA vote by raised hands. Only the outcome is recorded, not who voted how. — no individual positions recorded178. Final vote — text as a whole 14:22 A10-0011/2025 – Nicolás Pascual de la Parte – Motion for a resolution (as a whole)Adopted - 1 April 2025 Debated in plenary
MEPs debated the text in the chamber ahead of the vote.
- 10 February 2025 Report tabled for plenary
This is the text all MEPs vote on. Political groups can still table amendments to it.
- Committee stage
- 30 January 2025 Committee vote: report adopted
AFET (Foreign Affairs) voted on the amendments and adopted the report that goes to plenary.
- 28 November 2024 Referred to the AFET (Foreign Affairs) committee
The lead committee prepares Parliament’s report.
- 8 November 2024 Amendments tabled in committee
Members of AFET (Foreign Affairs) proposed changes to the draft.
- 11 October 2024 Draft report published
The rapporteur’s first text in AFET (Foreign Affairs). Members can table amendments before the committee votes.