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Adopted text

Energy performance of buildings (recast)

TA-9-2023-0068 · P9_TA(2023)0068 · PE732.742

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✦ In short · AI summary of this text, generated 26 Sept 2026

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Parliament's amended version of the proposed directive on the energy performance of buildings recasts the 2010 rules and sets a path to a zero-emission building stock by 2050. It requires all new buildings to be zero-emission from 2028, bans fossil-fuel heating in new and renovated buildings, and sets minimum energy performance standards for existing buildings. Member States must adopt national building renovation plans, deploy solar energy on buildings, and issue renovation passports and energy performance certificates. It also lays down rules on technical building systems, indoor environmental quality, charging infrastructure for electric vehicles and bicycles, smart readiness, data exchange and inspections.

Key points

  1. Each Member State must establish a national building renovation plan to transform its building stock into zero-emission buildings by 2050, with targets for 2030, 2040 and 2050.
  2. New buildings must be zero-emission from 1 January 2026 if occupied by public authorities and from 1 January 2028 for all new buildings.
  3. The use of fossil-fuel heating systems is not authorised in new buildings from the date of transposition and in buildings undergoing major renovation, deep renovation or heating-system renovation.
  4. Minimum energy performance standards require public and non-residential buildings to reach class E by 2027 and class D by 2030, and residential buildings to reach class E by 2030 and class D by 2033.
  5. Member States must deploy solar energy installations on new public and non-residential buildings, existing public and non-residential buildings, new residential buildings and roofed carparks, and buildings undergoing major renovation by set dates.
  6. Renovation passports must be introduced by 31 December 2024, providing a tailored roadmap for deep renovation in a maximum number of steps.
  7. Energy performance certificates must be issued for buildings constructed, renovated, sold or rented, and must state the energy performance class and indicator in advertisements.
  8. Member States must set requirements for indoor environmental quality, including carbon dioxide, temperature, humidity, daylight, ventilation and acoustics.
  9. New non-residential buildings with more than five parking spaces must have at least one recharging point per five spaces, pre-cabling and bicycle parking; residential buildings must have pre-cabling and bicycle parking.
  10. Member States must ensure building owners, tenants and managers have direct access to building systems data, and set up national databases for energy performance.
  11. Regular inspections are required for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems over 70 kW, at least every five years, and every two years for systems over 290 kW.
  12. Member States must provide financial incentives, technical assistance and one-stop-shops, and must not give financial incentives for fossil-fuel boilers from 1 January 2024.

Who is affected

  • Member States, which must transpose the rules and set national plans, targets and standards.
  • Building owners and tenants, who face renovation obligations, certification and data access rights.
  • Vulnerable households and people in social housing, who receive targeted financial support and safeguards.
  • The construction and renovation sector, which must provide a skilled workforce and certified professionals.
  • Financial institutions, which must offer green loans and apply mortgage portfolio standards.

Figures and deadlines

  • Zero-emission building stock by 2050.
  • New buildings occupied by public authorities must be zero-emission from 1 January 2026.
  • All new buildings must be zero-emission from 1 January 2028.
  • Public and non-residential buildings must reach at least class E by 1 January 2027 and class D by 1 January 2030.
  • Residential buildings must reach at least class E by 1 January 2030 and class D by 1 January 2033.
  • Fossil-fuel heating systems must be phased out from all buildings by 2035, or by 2040 at the latest if not feasible.
  • Solar installations on existing public and non-residential buildings by 31 December 2026.
  • No financial incentives for fossil-fuel boilers from 1 January 2024.

Legal basis: Article 194(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.