Sittings · Document
White paper on the future of European defence
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 20
Amendment 20
Marc Botenga, Giorgos Georgiou
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Ba (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ba. whereas at the NATO Summit in Bucharest in 2008, the US Government pushed for Ukrainian NATO membership against the opinion of several Member States; whereas following the Russian invasion, the United States pushed EU Member States to systematically increase the quantity and quality of arms deliveries to Ukraine; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 21
Amendment 21
Marc Botenga
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Ca (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ca. whereas the United States has forwardly deployed new B61-12 gravity bombs on the territory of EU Member States, increasing the risk that these Member States will fall victim to preventive or retaliatory strikes related to US foreign policy; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 22
Amendment 22
Marc Botenga
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Ea (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ea. whereas Russia’s annual defence spending in 2024 was estimated at USD 141 billion, while NATO member states spent approximately USD 1 341 billion, over ten times more; whereas Russia is confronted with a rapidly declining population, while its GDP is roughly the size of the Benelux countries; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 23
Amendment 23
Marc Botenga, João Oliveira, Giorgos Georgiou
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Eb (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Eb. whereas between 2021 and 2024, EU Member States’ total defence expenditure rose by more than 30 %, and in 2024 European NATO members’ defence spending (excluding Türkiye) was USD 454 billion, according to NATO; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 24
Amendment 24
Jonas Sjöstedt, Hanna Gedin
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Ec (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ec. whereas the European Parliament has adopted a resolution condemning the Russian shadow fleet; whereas Member States are yet to implement efficient measures to hinder the circumvention of sanctions against Russia through the shadow fleet; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 25
Amendment 25
Lynn Boylan, Marc Botenga, Hanna Gedin, Jonas Sjöstedt
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Ja (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ja. whereas the Member States have different military and security policies, including policies of neutrality, and such policies should be respected; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 26
Amendment 26
Marc Botenga, João Oliveira
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Na (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Na. whereas in purchasing power parity, European NATO members’ defence spending (excluding Türkiye) is double that of Russia; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 27
Amendment 27
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Marc Botenga, Lynn Boylan
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Nb (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Nb. whereas the military and defence sector is one of the largest global emitters of greenhouse gases, yet remains largely exempt from mandatory public reporting on its carbon footprint; whereas the carbon footprint of military expenditure in the EU alone was estimated at 24.8 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent in 2019, comparable to the annual emissions of approximately 14 million cars; whereas the military sector’s increasing reliance on fossil fuels and resource-intensive equipment exacerbates the climate crisis, while diverting funds from urgent social and environmental investments; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 28
Amendment 28
Marc Botenga, João Oliveira, Giorgos Georgiou
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Nc (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Nc. whereas in international relations theory the ‘security dilemma’ refers to a phenomenon whereby actions, such as arms procurement, taken by a state actor to increase its own security provokes reactions from other states, such as increased arms procurement or preventive attacks, that ultimately lead to a decrease rather than an increase in the original state’s security; |
Or. en
10.3.2025 B100146/2025 }
B100147/2025 }
B100148/2025 }
B100149/2025 }
B100150/2025 } RC1/Am. 29
Amendment 29
Marc Botenga, João Oliveira, Giorgos Georgiou
on behalf of The Left Group
Joint motion for a resolution
PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion for a resolution
Recital Nd (new)
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Nd. whereas the 1975 Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, concluded in Helsinki between the United States, Canada, the Soviet Union and all of the countries of Europe, except Albania, played an important role in easing tensions between East and West during the Cold War; |
Or. en