On ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine

B100201/2026

European Parliament resolution on ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine

(2026/2700(RSP))

The European Parliament,

– having regard to its numerous previous resolutions on Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine,

– having regard to the Charter of the United Nations,

– having regard to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC),

– having regard to the Geneva Conventions,

– having regard to the Convention establishing an International Claims Commission for Ukraine,

– having regard to the UN General Assembly resolutions of 14 November 2022 entitled ‘Furtherance of remedy and reparation for aggression against Ukraine’, and of 3 December 2025 entitled ‘Return of Ukrainian Children’,

– having regard to Rule 136(2) of its Rules of Procedure,

A. whereas the Russian Federation has been relentlessly waging its unprovoked, unjustified and illegal war of aggression against Ukraine since 24 February 2022, continuing the pattern of aggression it began in 2014, and in so doing has persistently violated the principles of the UN Charter and international law;

B. whereas, despite broad international condemnation of its war of aggression, unprecedented sanctions and Russian attendance at US-led peace talks, the Russian political and military leadership continues to escalate its war efforts through targeted attacks on critical energy infrastructure, civilian infrastructure and residential buildings in a flagrant breach of international humanitarian law and the Geneva Conventions;

C. whereas in March 2026, the UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine concluded that the Russian authorities had committed crimes against humanity through the deportation and forcible transfer of children and their enforced disappearance, and that this conduct also amounts to the war crime of unjustifiable delay in the repatriation of civilians;

D. whereas over the course of April 2026, Russia has launched an unprecedentedly high number of attacks on Ukraine, killing at least 75 civilians and injuring more than 400 people; whereas during the night of 15-16 April 2026, Russia carried out one of its deadliest attacks against civilians since the start of its war of aggression, using more than 700 ballistic and cruise missiles and drones of various types against the Ukrainian cities of Kyiv, Odesa, Kharkiv, Dnipro and Zaporizhzhia, and the Kherson region;

1. Reaffirms that Russia’s crime of aggression against Ukraine is a grave violation of international law and the UN Charter that threatens the security and stability, democracy and prosperity of the entire European continent in an unprecedented manner, and therefore requires equally unprecedented action in response;

2. Reiterates its demands that the Russian Federation immediately, completely and unconditionally cease its attacks against residential areas and civilian infrastructure, terminate all military activities in Ukraine, withdraw all military forces, proxies and military equipment from the entire internationally recognised territory of Ukraine, end forced deportations of Ukrainian civilians, cease its torture and inhumane treatment of any detained Ukrainians, release and return all detained Ukrainians, and permanently cease violating or threatening the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine;

3. Expresses its dismay that, after more than four years of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, international efforts to assist Ukraine have still not been sufficient to end the war of aggression; urges the EU, its Member States, their transatlantic allies and international partners to step up their military, political and diplomatic efforts, to massively increase military support to Ukraine, in particular in the area of air defence and deep strike capabilities, and to substantially enhance economic pressure on Russia in order to definitively end Russia’s war of aggression and enable Ukraine to liberate all its people and re-establish full control over its entire territory within its internationally recognised borders;

4. Urges the EU and its Member States to support in the most determined way Ukraine’s desire for a just and lasting peace that must be based on full respect for the principles of international law, on accountability for the war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression committed against it, and on Russian reparations for the massive damage caused in Ukraine, and that must effectively exclude any further aggression by Russia through the provision of robust contributions to securing long-term security for Ukraine and the European continent;

5. Reiterates that the unlawful deportation and forced transfer of Ukrainian children constitutes a grave breach of international humanitarian law and a profound violation of human rights; recalls the related ICC arrest warrants issued against Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova; welcomes the EU’s joining the International Coalition for the Return of Ukrainian Children and calls on the Member States that have not yet joined the Coalition to do so without delay; calls on the Commission and the Member States to provide sustained political, financial and operational support to the ‘Bring Kids Back UA’ initiative, including tracing, return pathways, reintegration and rehabilitation programmes;

6. Reiterates its full support for the ongoing investigation by the Prosecutor of the ICC into the situation in Ukraine, which is based on allegations of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide; expresses utmost concern at the US sanctions against the ICC and its prosecutors, judges and staff, which undermine all of the ICC’s ongoing investigative and prosecutorial work and constitute a serious attack on the international justice system; calls on the Commission to urgently activate the blocking statute and on the Member States to urgently increase their diplomatic efforts to protect and safeguard the ICC as an indispensable cornerstone of the international justice system;

7. Calls for the EU and the Member States to continue promoting and financially supporting the establishment of the Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine, and to sign the Enlarged Partial Agreement on the Management Committee of the Special Tribunal as a sign of the EU’s support for upholding the international rules-based order and for promoting international justice; calls for the EU and the Member States to advocate for broader international support for the Special Tribunal; emphasises its support for the work of the joint investigation team operating under the auspices of Eurojust and for efforts within Ukraine to document, investigate and prosecute international crimes, including the important contributions of the Atrocity Crimes Advisory Group for Ukraine and of non-governmental organisations;

8. Welcomes the anticipated establishment of the International Claims Commission for Ukraine within the framework of the Council of Europe, which, together with the already established Register of Damage for Ukraine and a future compensation fund, will serve as an international reparation mechanism for damage, loss or injury arising from Russia’s wrongful acts in or against Ukraine under international law; reiterates its consent to the EU’s accession to the Convention establishing an International Claims Commission for Ukraine; calls on the Member States to swiftly complete all formal procedures for their accession, and thus enable the rapid launch of the work of the International Claims Commission;

9. Underlines the need for effective coordination and cooperation between all relevant institutions and organisations that contribute to ensuring justice and accountability for Russia’s war crimes, crimes against humanity and crime of aggression, particularly with a view to avoiding duplication of efforts, increasing cost efficiency and minimising the negative impact on victims and witnesses;

10. Calls on the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and the Commission to establish an EU Delegation to the international organisations located in The Hague to ensure the EU’s effective participation in new and established international justice bodies, including the ICC;

11. Reiterates its firm conviction that, as part of international efforts to ensure justice and accountability, Russia will have to pay for the massive damage caused in Ukraine; calls, therefore, for the EU to use the cash balances generated by Russian sovereign assets immobilised under EU sanctions to back a reparations loan that would serve to support Ukraine’s defence and reconstruction and increase pressure on Russia to end its war of aggression; welcomes the Council’s overdue adoption of the Ukraine Support Loan package, providing EUR 90 billion in financial assistance to Ukraine; expects, in line with the clarifications provided by the Commission during the plenary session of February 2026, the proper implementation of the flexibility featured within the package under the derogation regime laid down in Article 13(5) of the regulation establishing the Ukraine Support Loan; declares its intention to closely monitor the unimpeded implementation of the Ukraine Support Loan;

12. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, the Council, the Commission, the governments and parliaments of the Member States, the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the President, Government and Parliament of Ukraine.