On the EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for Ukraine

B100548/2025

European Parliament resolution on the EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for Ukraine

(2025/3001(RSP))

The European Parliament,

– having regard to its previous resolutions on Ukraine and Russia,

– having regard to the remarks by Council President António Costa following the informal EU leaders’ meeting held on 24 November 2025 in Luanda,

– having regard to the statement by Commission President Ursula von der Leyen following the EU leaders’ meeting on Ukraine held on 24 November 2025,

– having regard to the joint statement of the Chairs of the Foreign Affairs Committees in support of a just and lasting peace in Europe of 24 November 2025,

– having regard to the UN Charter, the Hague Conventions, the Geneva Conventions and the additional protocols thereto, and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court,

– having regard to the Helsinki Final Act of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) of 1 August 1975, the Charter of Paris for a New Europe of the OSCE of 21 November 1990 and the UN Memorandum on Security Assurances in Connection with Ukraine’s Accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 5 December 1994 (the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances),

– having regard to Rule 136(2) of its Rules of Procedure,

A. whereas Russia has been waging an illegal, unprovoked and unjustified full-scale war of aggression against Ukraine, continuing its 2014 annexation of Crimea and occupation of parts of Donetsk and Luhansk; whereas, more than eleven years on, Russia continues to openly violate Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, causing severe humanitarian, economic and ecological consequences, as well as regional instability;

B. whereas Russian forces have systematically targeted residential areas and civilian infrastructure, killing thousands of Ukrainian civilians and destroying public and private property; whereas they are responsible for forced deportations, including of children, disappearances, illegal detentions, torture, executions of civilians and prisoners of war, and other acts of terror, including sexual violence; whereas Russia continues to alter the ethnic composition of temporarily occupied Ukrainian territories;

C. whereas Ukraine and international bodies have documented hundreds of executions of Ukrainian prisoners of war by Russian forces; whereas such executions constitute serious violations of international law and human rights and are explicitly recognised as war crimes under the Geneva Conventions and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court;

D. whereas the EU and its Member States stand in solidarity with Ukraine, providing significant humanitarian, financial, political and military support; whereas the EU is the largest donor to Ukraine; whereas Russia is responsible for creating a humanitarian and reconstruction crisis, including through the targeting of homes, hospitals and schools, resulting in 12.7 million people in need of urgent humanitarian assistance in Ukraine; whereas it is estimated that reconstruction and recovery in Ukraine will cost EUR 506 billion over the next decade;

E. whereas Ukraine is an EU candidate country and aims to meet the requirements for accession by 2028;

F. whereas, under the Trump administration, the United States has altered its stance on Russia’s war against Ukraine; whereas the recent 28-point peace plan was leaked at a time when the Russian economy was showing clear signs of strain due to sanctions and the war effort, and while the EU is negotiating a ‘reparation loan’ to Ukraine backed by immobilised Russian assets;

G. whereas the plan, endorsed by the US administration, has raised legitimate concerns regarding the United States’ commitment to international law, European security and Ukraine’s security;

H. whereas Ukraine’s defeat would be widely viewed as a strategic defeat for the European Union, the United States, and the entire NATO alliance, and as a reward for the aggressor, the Russian Federation, with far-reaching consequences for international security;

1. Reiterates its strongest possible condemnation of Russia’s unprovoked, illegal and unjustified war of aggression against Ukraine; demands that Russia immediately terminate all military activities in Ukraine, fully withdraw from Ukraine’s internationally recognised territory, release all detained and deported Ukrainians and compensate Ukraine for the damage caused; underlines that Russia, its leadership and its allies bear full responsibility for the war and the atrocities committed against Ukrainians, and calls for the full accountability of the aggressor state;

2. Highlights that any agreement aimed at ending Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine goes well beyond Russia and Ukraine, with profound implications for the European security order; insists, in this context, that nothing about Ukraine should be decided without Ukraine, and nothing about Europe without Europe; whereas the EU should reject the establishment of security ‘grey zones’ in Europe;

3. Expresses its full support for a just and lasting peace in Ukraine, based on international law and on terms acceptable to Ukraine and its people; stresses that any agreement must uphold Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, prevent Russia from rearming, and guarantee Ukraine’s long-term security; underlines that effective and enduring security guarantees for Ukraine must be implemented to deter further Russian hostilities; stresses that peace negotiations must be preceded by an unconditional ceasefire; considers that Russia should not be given veto rights regarding matters related to Ukraine;

4. Expresses deep concern over proposals attempting to coerce Ukraine into making territorial concessions or relinquishing its legitimate right to self-defence; highlights the imperativeness of non-recognition under international law of any forceful seizure and annexation of territory; emphasises that only Ukraine, as a sovereign country, can make decisions regarding the size of its armed forces or allowing foreign troops to be stationed on its territory; notes that as a future EU Member State, Ukraine is expected to fully participate in the EU’s common security and defence policy and all EU defence programmes;

5. Highlights the decisive responsibility of the EU in defining the future European security architecture; calls for the EU and its Member States to assume responsibility for the security of the continent, considering the increased security threats and changing geopolitical landscape; calls on all EU Member States to significantly increase defence spending according to the new NATO targets; highlights the urgent need to strengthen both the EU’s defence industry and Ukraine’s, and increase military aid to Ukraine, while enhancing the EU’s own defence readiness and strategic autonomy and establishing a genuine EU defence union;

6. Calls for the EU and its Member States to take the latest developments as another wake-up call to act decisively and reliably as Ukraine’s leading strategic partner and actively work towards maintaining the broadest possible international support for Ukraine; stresses that the EU and its Member States must significantly increase their assistance and support, particularly in terms of defence equipment, including the air defence, training and strategic assistance necessary to uphold Ukraine’s right to self-defence;

7. Calls on the Member States to adopt and implement, without further delay, a legally and financially sound ‘reparation loan’ to Ukraine, backed by the frozen Russian assets, and, if necessary, to ensure the durable, veto-proof immobilisation of these assets; stresses that the fate and conditions of investment of these assets are not a matter for negotiation without the EU;

8. Welcomes the recent adoption of the 19th EU sanctions package against Russia; reiterates its call for further sanctions on key Russian industries and raw materials, as well as a full embargo on Russian fossil fuel imports; calls for further sanctions against Russia’s shadow fleet and an end to cooperation with Russia’s nuclear energy sector; urges the Member States to systematically tackle the issue of sanctions circumvention;

9. Emphasises that all those responsible for war crimes perpetrated in Ukraine must be held accountable and stresses that no peace will be sustainable without justice;

10. Reaffirms that Ukraine’s future lies in the EU; welcomes progress on accession-related reforms despite the wartime conditions in Ukraine; reiterates its call for continuous efforts to fight corruption; calls for the acceleration of accession talks, recognising Ukraine’s European integration as a strategic priority;

11. Calls for the EU, its Member States and international partners to increase pressure on Russia to comply with its international obligations, particularly those under the Geneva Convention; underlines that any agreement with Russia should include a commitment by Russia to immediately cease its hybrid warfare against the EU and its partners, including Ukraine, and undertake not to use private military formations against the EU or its partners;

12. Calls for the EU and its Member States to strengthen EU strategic communication, counter hybrid threats and prevent Russian interference in political, electoral and other processes in Ukraine and the EU; calls for proactive communication on the benefits of EU enlargement to enhance public understanding and support in both Ukraine and the Member States;

13. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the relevant EU institutions, the governments and parliaments of the Member States, the President, Government and Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the United States, the United Nations and the Russian authorities.