On the need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria
B-10-2025-0169
on behalf of the ECR Group · Rapporteur: Adam Bielan, Małgorzata Gosiewska, Mariusz Kamiński, Michał Dworczyk, Jadwiga Wiśniewska, Marlena Maląg, Arkadiusz Mularczyk, Bogdan Rzońca, Waldemar Tomaszewski, Sebastian Tynkkynen
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This resolution addresses the need for EU support for a just transition and reconstruction in Syria after the fall of the Assad regime. It calls for an inclusive, democratic transition, accountability for war crimes, and the easing of sanctions to enable economic recovery.¶¶¶ It also urges the withdrawal of foreign forces, protection of minorities, and measures against terrorism and drug trafficking, while supporting humanitarian aid and the safe return of refugees.¶¶¶
Key points
- Recognises the fall of the Assad regime as an opportunity for Syria to establish a democratic government based on human rights, inclusivity, and the rule of law.¶
- Calls for a peaceful, Syrian-led transition in line with UN Security Council Resolution 2254, and urges Syria to break ties with Tehran and Moscow.¶
- Takes note of the transitional priorities and encourages rebuilding state institutions, but expresses concern about delays to constitutional reforms.¶¶
- Calls on transitional authorities to guarantee religious freedom for all, citing concerns about double standards towards Christians and other faiths.¶
- Supports the Council's suspension of restrictive measures on key economic sectors, but insists that future suspensions be gradual and conditional on inclusive transition and human rights.¶¶
- Reaffirms EU commitment to humanitarian aid and reconstruction, prioritising critical infrastructure, and calls for coordinated international support directed to legitimate institutions.¶¶
- Welcomes the EU's operationalisation of its delegation in Damascus and stresses that progress in relations must be conditional on cooperation against jihadists.¶¶
- Condemns Assad regime crimes and calls for transitional justice primarily within Syria, with international mechanisms complementing, not replacing, domestic efforts.¶
- Supports the work of the CoI, IIIM, and IIMP in documenting violations and ensuring justice.¶
- Calls for preventing the re-establishment of Russian and Iranian forces and for the immediate withdrawal of all destabilising foreign military forces.¶¶
- Urges neighbouring countries to respect Syria's territorial integrity and calls for international efforts to prevent ISIS resurgence and protect cultural heritage.¶¶¶
- Welcomes voluntary refugee returns, calls for their protection, and urges measures against the Captagon drug trade.¶¶
Who is affected
- The Syrian people, including minorities such as Christians, who are to benefit from an inclusive transition and guaranteed religious freedom.¶¶
- The de facto Syrian authorities, who are called on to ensure equal rights, distance from jihadist past, and cooperate on security.¶¶¶
- Foreign forces, including Russian and Iranian troops and militias, which are urged to withdraw from Syria.¶¶
- Neighbouring countries, particularly Türkiye, are urged to respect Syria's territorial integrity and cease military operations.¶
- ISIS fighters and their families, whose detention and security are concerns for regional and European security.¶
Figures and deadlines
- 16.7 million Syrians need humanitarian aid, 3 million face starvation, and over 2 million are internally displaced in camps in north-west Syria.¶
- Christians made up about 10% of the pre-war population (2.2 million), with only about 640,000 remaining.¶
- EU humanitarian and financial assistance to Syria amounts to over EUR 30 billion since 2011.¶
- 90% of Syria's population lives below the poverty line.¶
- Approximately 10,000 ISIS fighters are detained, and over 40,000 family members are held in camps.¶