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MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION (2025/2569(RSP))

On the need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria

B-10-2025-0160

on behalf of the PPE Group · Rapporteur: Ingeborg Ter Laak, Michael Gahler, Laurent Castillo, Isabel WiselerLima, Sebastião Bugalho, Andrey Kovatchev, Željana Zovko, FrançoisXavier Bellamy, Davor Ivo Stier, Antonio LópezIstúriz White, Reinhold Lopatka, Wouter Beke, Vangelis Meimarakis, Jan Farský, Nicolás Pascual de la Parte, Daniel Caspary, Ana Miguel Pedro

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This resolution addresses EU support for a just transition and reconstruction in Syria, covering justice, governance, humanitarian aid, sanctions, and regional stability. It calls for accountability for Assad regime crimes, inclusive governance, and protection of all ethnic and religious groups. It urges continued humanitarian aid, gradual lifting of sanctions, and EU-led reconstruction efforts. It demands that foreign actors, including Russia, Türkiye, and Iran, respect Syria's sovereignty and refrain from interference.

Key points

  1. Calls on member states to support EU diplomatic efforts for a working relationship with Syria's interim government.
  2. Urges establishment of an independent transitional justice committee and cooperation with UN mechanisms, including increased funding for the IIIM.
  3. Calls for women's leading role in justice and addressing sexual and gender-based violence.
  4. Urges restoration of state institutions, inclusive national dialogue, and protection of all ethnic and religious groups.
  5. Calls for free press, women's participation in political and economic life, and civil society's role.
  6. Stresses need for continued EU humanitarian aid and economic reforms, including energy and agriculture.
  7. Welcomes gradual lifting of sanctions hindering humanitarian aid and reconstruction, but maintains individual sanctions on Assad associates.
  8. Calls for eliminating chemical weapons, countering drug trafficking, and facilitating foreign investment.
  9. Calls on Commission to support reconstruction in key sectors and for EIB to strengthen banking, including SWIFT connection.
  10. Urges member states to allow Syrian refugees to make exploratory visits without losing status.
  11. Calls on foreign actors to refrain from interference and on Russia to cease operations from bases.
  12. Urges interim government to ensure professional military appointments and formulate counterterrorism strategy.

Who is affected

  • Syria's interim government and transitional government, which must implement justice, governance, and security reforms.
  • Syrian civil society, women, children, and ethnic and religious minorities, who are to be included and protected.
  • EU member states and EU institutions, which are called on to provide aid, support reconstruction, and adjust sanctions.
  • Foreign actors including Russia, Türkiye, Iran, and the United States, which are urged to respect sovereignty and lift sanctions.
  • Syrian refugees in Europe, who may make exploratory visits without losing protection status.

Figures and deadlines

  • GDP plummeted by 64% since 2011; inflation reached 40.2% in 2024.
  • Exports declined by 84% and imports by 70% compared with pre-war levels.
  • Over 80% of Syrians live below the poverty line.
  • Extreme poverty expected to rise from 33.1% in 2024 to 37.4% in 2025.
  • 16.7 million Syrians reliant on aid; 7 million internally displaced; 5.6 million fled.
  • EU allocated EUR 159 million in humanitarian aid in 2024 and pledged EUR 2.12 billion for 2024-2025.
  • 1.1 million additional people relocated since November 2024.
  • Türkiye holds 3.5 million Syrian refugees.