Sittings · Document
Draft report (2025/2116(INI)) 2025-09-22
Recommendation for the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on the EU’s diplomatic strategy and geopolitical cooperation in the Arctic
Committee on Foreign Affairs
Amendment 1
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), |
Or. en
Amendment 2
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), |
Or. en
Amendment 3
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement), |
Or. en
Amendment 4
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the establishment of the Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) and the Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC), |
Or. en
Amendment 5
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, |
Or. en
Amendment 6
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the Central Arctic Ocean Fisheries Agreement (CAOFA), |
Or. en
Amendment 7
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, |
Or. en
Amendment 8
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, |
Or. en
Amendment 9
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 e (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the Svalbard Treaty (previously the Treaty concerning the Archipelago of Spitsbergen) of 9 February 1920, |
Or. en
Amendment 10
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 e (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the 1996 Ottawa Declaration establishing the Arctic Council, |
Or. en
Amendment 11
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 f (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the Ottawa Declaration of 19 September 1996 establishing the Arctic Council, |
Or. en
Amendment 12
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 g (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the three legally binding agreements negotiated under the auspices of the Arctic Council, namely the Agreement on Cooperation on Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic of 2011, the Agreement on Cooperation on Marine Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response in the Arctic of 2013, and the Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation of 2017, |
Or. en
Amendment 13
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Citation 5 a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the Joint Statement following the European Union - Canada 2025 Summit, |
Or. en
Amendment 14
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Citation 5 a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the Critical Raw Materials Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1252), |
Or. en
Amendment 15
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Citation 5 b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to Norway’s 2024 Act relating to mineral activities on the continental shelf (Deep Seabed Mining Act), |
Or. en
Amendment 16
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Citation 5 b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the inauguration of the EU Office in Nuuk, Greenland, on 15 March 2024, |
Or. en
Amendment 17
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Citation 5 c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| – having regard to the state visit of French President Emmanuel Macron in Greenland on 15 June 2025, |
Or. en
Amendment 18
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| A. whereas the Arctic must remain a zone of peace and constructive cooperation; | A. whereas Russia has been intensifying its military build-up in the Arctic ever since its illegal war of aggression against Ukraine; whereas the Russian militarisation, paired with increased Chinese presence have changed the political and security situation in the Arctic; whereas despite this militarisation led by Russia, the Arctic must remain a zone of peace and constructive cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 19
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| A. whereas the Arctic must remain a zone of peace and constructive cooperation; | A. whereas the Arctic is a complex, dynamic and fragile ecosystem in which a number of Arctic littoral countries as well as other actors exist, operate and interact amidst a backdrop of increasing tensions; whereas it must remain a zone of peace and constructive cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 20
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| A. whereas the Arctic must remain a zone of peace and constructive cooperation; | A. whereas the Arctic is a region inhabited by over 4 million people, with diverse cultures, communities, and economies and as such must remain a zone of peace and constructive cooperation, shielded from intensifying global rivalries; |
Or. en
Amendment 21
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| A. whereas the Arctic must remain a zone of peace and constructive cooperation; | A. whereas the Arctic must remain a zone of peace, respect for biodiversity and ecosystems, and constructive cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 22
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| A a. whereas the EU, as an Arctic actor with strategic and day-to-day interests in both the European Arctic and wider Arctic region, has a fundamental stake in strategically contributing to positive security, socio-economic and environmental outcomes, notably through multilateral cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 23
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Recital A c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| A c. whereas the use of the Arctic region to military ends is accelerating just as international regulatory frameworks surrounding arms control, including nuclear weapons, is weakened; |
Or. en
Amendment 24
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| B. whereas scrupulous respect for international law – notably the UNCLOS – is essential; | B. whereas scrupulous respect for international law – notably the UNCLOS and the conventions of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) – is essential; |
Or. en
Amendment 25
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| B. whereas scrupulous respect for international law – notably the UNCLOS – is essential; | B. whereas scrupulous respect for international law – notably the UNCLOS – is essential to preserving this safe haven; |
Or. en
Amendment 26
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital B a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| B a. whereas policies must reflect the diverse realities of the Arctic, including different governance systems, legal frameworks, infrastructure capacities, and socio-economic conditions; |
Or. en
Amendment 27
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Recital B a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| B a. whereas the Arctic Council is the preeminent forum for circumpolar cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 28
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital B b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| B b. whereas the Arctic Council is the preeminent forum for circumpolar cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 29
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| C. whereas the region is warming at roughly four times the global average; | C. whereas the region is warming at roughly four times the global average; whereas the Arctic has been particularly affected by climate change and biodiversity degradation; whereas climate change is increasingly referred to as a threat multiplier; whereas the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the European Green Deal remain necessary for preventing the worst consequences of climate change; |
Or. en
Amendment 30
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| C. whereas the region is warming at roughly four times the global average; | C. whereas the region is warming at roughly four times the global average due to the climate crisis and increased industrial activities; whereas summer sea ice is consequently rapidly disappearing, causing extensive habitat destruction and declines in the populations of species that depend on the snow and ice; |
Or. en
Amendment 31
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| C. whereas the region is warming at roughly four times the global average; | C. whereas the region is warming at roughly three times the global average, accelerating ice loss and threatening planetary climate stability; |
Or. en
Amendment 32
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| C. whereas the region is warming at roughly four times the global average; | C. whereas the region is warming at roughly four times the global average and can be seen as a primary area for the climate-security nexus; |
Or. en
Amendment 33
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| C a. whereas satellite imagery indicates that Russia has expanded military construction at Ushakovskoye on Wrangel Island in the Chukchi Sea, notably installing or upgrading a Sopka-2 air-surveillance radar and associated support infrastructure3a; whereas Wrangel Island is a UNESCO World Heritage site and nature reserve, and such developments raise serious environmental, security, and legal concerns; | |
| _________________ | |
| 3a https://www.arctictoday.com/russia-is-building-a-new-arctic-base-on-wrangel-island/ |
Or. en
Amendment 34
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| C a. whereas the thawing of permafrost constitutes a security, environmental, and biological threat through its destructive impact on infrastructure, the release of climate-damaging methane, and the re-emergence of dormant and unknown viruses and bacteria; whereas subsea permafrost in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf might become yet another source of methane emissions; |
Or. en
Amendment 35
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| C a. whereas melting sea ice, thawing permafrost and shifting ecosystems have transboundary consequences, including rising sea levels, greenhouse gas emissions, and disruptions to weather patterns across Europe and beyond; |
Or. en
Amendment 36
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; | D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; whereas harsh weather conditions, limited search and rescue capabilities, and high insurance costs constitute major obstacles to the full realisation of these possibilities; whereas Arctic states have in recent years increased their cooperation in this field; |
Or. en
Amendment 37
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; | D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; whereas there are open questions about the international legal status of this new sea route and many demand that it should be treated as part of the “Global Commons”; |
Or. en
Amendment 38
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; | D. whereas the diminishing sea ice is raising global interest in the Arctic and its resources; whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 39
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; | D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar sea route (TSR), which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 40
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which could reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; | D. whereas the rapid retreat of sea ice is opening seasonal, and potentially year-round, commercial corridors such as the Northern Sea Route, the Northwest Passage and a future trans-polar route, which will reshape global trade patterns while posing profound environmental, security and governance challenges for the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 41
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D a. whereas the Arctic region has historically been considered a zone of peace and cooperation, underpinned by initiatives such as the Murmansk Initiative in 1987, which promoted arms control, confidence-building, environmental protection and diplomatic dialogue; whereas recent Russian military build-ups, nuclear-powered icebreakers, enhanced cruise missile deployment and other strategic military and dual-use infrastructure risk undermining this status; |
Or. en
Amendment 42
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D a. whereas changes in the Arctic due to the climate crisis are intrinsically connected with Europe: higher temperatures, rising sea levels, diminishing biodiversity, and extreme weather events affect people and nature in Europe, underlining the need for knowledge- and science-based policy that involves local Arctic communities and knowledge institutions; |
Or. en
Amendment 43
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D a. whereas the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) is the leading global authority on maritime safety and environmental protection, its legally binding conventions and voluntary guidelines applying globally, including in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 44
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| D a. whereas the International Maritime Organisation is the leading global authority on maritime safety and environmental protection, its legally binding conventions and voluntary guidelines applying globally, including in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 45
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| E. whereas Russia has markedly expanded its Arctic force posture and heightened regional military tension; | E. whereas Russia has markedly expanded its Arctic force posture and heightened regional military tension; whereas the 2023 Russian Foreign Policy Concept identifies the Arctic as one of Russia’s priority regions; whereas the militarisation of the Arctic runs counter to the spirit of cooperation that has guided the relationship between states in the Arctic so far; |
Or. en
Amendment 46
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| E. whereas Russia has markedly expanded its Arctic force posture and heightened regional military tension; | E. whereas Russia has markedly expanded its Arctic force posture and military infrastructure, heightening regional military tension; |
Or. fi
Amendment 47
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| E a. whereas the deepening cooperation between China and Russia in the Arctic, through joint energy projects, infrastructure investments and shipping ventures along emerging Arctic routes, risks consolidating a geopolitical axis of resource exploitation and restricted access, to the detriment of Arctic coastal communities, Indigenous peoples, and global environmental safeguards; |
Or. en
Amendment 48
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| E a. whereas Russia’s breaches of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of neighbouring states, coupled with its obstruction of navigation in the Azov, Black, and Baltic Seas, raise serious concerns that must be factored into any assessment of the prospects for sustaining peaceful coexistence in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 49
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital E b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| E b. whereas Russia is enhancing its Arctic infrastructure through the construction and deployment of the Chukotka universal nuclear-powered icebreaker (Project 22220) as part of its broader programme to ensure year-round navigation along the Northern Sea Route; whereas the Chukotka is the fifth vessel of its class, and Russia is building additional icebreakers such as Leningrad, and Stalingrad under the same project; whereas these vessels are among the most powerful icebreakers in the world, with capabilities for escorting large-tonnage ships, operating in both shallow and polar waters, conducting rescue operations, and supporting Russia’s strategic ambitions in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 50
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital E c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| E c. whereas satellite imagery from 2023 revealed significant new construction of buildings and infrastructure on Novaya Zemlya, a remote Arctic island historically used by Russia for nuclear weapons testing; whereas such developments raise serious concerns about renewed nuclear activities in the Arctic and their implications for regional security and environmental safety1a; | |
| _________________ | |
| 1a https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-nuclear-missile-test-burevestnik-novaya-zemlya/33515605.html |
Or. en
Amendment 51
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital E d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| E d. whereas in March 2024 the Russian Federation adopted a decree expanding the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) to include the Berezovsky and Beloyarsky municipal districts of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra2a; whereas this expansion forms part of Russia’s strategy to consolidate federal control over natural resources, reinforce its territorial claims, and attract investors through special economic zone incentives; | |
| _________________ | |
| 2a https://ria.ru/20240320/arktika-1934480601.html |
Or. en
Amendment 52
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; | F. whereas China has declared itself to be a ‘near-Arctic state’, despite its considerable geographical distance from the Arctic region; whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; |
Or. fi
Amendment 53
Marion Maréchal
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; | F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; whereas it launched a regular container ship service via the North-East Passage in September 2025; |
Or. fr
Amendment 54
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; | F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; whereas China has been disguising its military and political outreach under the cover of alleged scientific research; |
Or. en
Amendment 55
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; | F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle, including through investments in Russian companies; |
Or. en
Amendment 56
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; | F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’, an extension of its Belt and Road Initiative, and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; |
Or. en
Amendment 57
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is steadily increasing its footprint north of the Arctic Circle; | F. whereas China proclaimed a ‘Polar Silk Road’ and is rapidly increasing its civil and military footprint north of the Arctic Circle; |
Or. en
Amendment 58
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F a. whereas the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China have in recent years deepened their Arctic cooperation, ranging from joint military drills in regions in close proximity to the Arctic, with exercises such as “Ocean-2024” and “Pacific Patrol-2024,” to technological and shipbuilding projects and the development of new trade corridors along the Northern Sea Route, thereby deepening their strategic alignment in the High North; |
Or. en
Amendment 59
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F a. whereas China and Russia are strengthening their military cooperation in the Arctic, as evidenced by the signing of a Coast Guard cooperation agreement, the organisation of joint military drills in the Kara Sea, as well as the conduct of combined bomber flights within the Alaskan Air Defense Identification Zone; |
Or. en
Amendment 60
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F a. whereas China has declared itself a “near-Arctic state” and is pursuing dual-use infrastructure investments and scientific research in the High North, raising concerns over strategic dependency and potential militarisation under the guise of civilian activity; |
Or. en
Amendment 61
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F a. whereas EU’s engagement with the Arctic spans several decades and is rooted in history, geography, economic links, and scientific cooperation; whereas the EU has consistently affirmed its commitment to a peaceful, sustainable, and cooperative Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 62
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F a. whereas Russia and China are increasing their cooperation in the Arctic region, with China substituting lost investments of Western companies following the Western sanctions adopted after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine; |
Or. en
Amendment 63
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Fa. whereas, since the start of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, China has continued its Arctic cooperation with Russia; |
Or. fi
Amendment 64
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Recital F b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F b. whereas the United States’s approach to the region is noticeably evolving towards expanded involvement, with the most notable and regrettable shift being the formulation of explicit threats against Greenland’s sovereignty and Denmark’s territorial integrity, as well as the dissemination of inflammatory narratives and the conduct of hybrid actions on Greenlandic territory; |
Or. en
Amendment 65
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F b. whereas China’s 2025 Security White Paper identifies “polar security” as part of its comprehensive national security concept; |
Or. en
Amendment 66
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F c. whereas in 2016 the Kingdom of Denmark blocked the attempted purchase of the decommissioned Grønnedal naval base in Greenland by the Hong Kong-based General Nice Group on national-security grounds; |
Or. en
Amendment 67
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F d. whereas Finland blocked in 2018 a Chinese proposal to acquire Kemijärvi Airport near a military zone, citing national security concerns; |
Or. en
Amendment 68
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F e (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F e. whereas at China’s Yellow River Station in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, researchers conduct environmental and space-science research, including atmospheric, glaciological and ionospheric monitoring, which also have potential dual-use applications relevant to satellite navigation and military situational awareness; |
Or. en
Amendment 69
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F f (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F f. whereas in 2024 the Kingdom of Norway effectively halted the sale of Søre Fagerfjord to Chinese buyers citing national-security risks; |
Or. en
Amendment 70
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F g (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F g. whereas the China–Iceland Arctic Science Observatory in Kárhóll conducts research on satellite remote sensing, geosciences, oceanography and space research, which carry dual-use potential under China’s civil–military fusion strategy; |
Or. en
Amendment 71
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F h (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F h. whereas China has proclaimed itself a “near-Arctic state” in its 2018 Arctic White Paper and subsequent official documents, a self-designation that is misleading and carries no legal rights, privileges, or justification for a military presence in the High North; |
Or. en
Amendment 72
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Recital F i (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| F i. whereas in October 2024 the Chinese Coast Guard claimed to have entered the Arctic Ocean for the first time during a joint patrol with Russia; |
Or. en
Amendment 73
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; | G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes, welcomes the inclusion of representatives of Indigenous organisations within the delegations, while expressing regret that their participation remains limited to observer status only; |
Or. en
Amendment 74
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; | G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; whereas there is a wide acceptance among European policy makers that Indigenous peoples must be further supported and that their interests are given a higher priority in the policy making process; |
Or. en
Amendment 75
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; | G. whereas Indigenous peoples and local communities hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; they must therefore be fully integrated into decision-making processes, ensuring that their community-based knowledge is respected and considered in all policy developments; |
Or. en
Amendment 76
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; | G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; whereas for Arctic inhabitants, many of them Indigenous, the crisis is immediate, impacting their environment, economies and societies; |
Or. en
Amendment 77
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; | G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; whereas the Arctic Council has taken significant steps to address this issue; |
Or. en
Amendment 78
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G. whereas Indigenous peoples hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; | G. whereas Indigenous peoples and local communities hold irreplaceable traditional knowledge, act as primary stewards of Arctic ecosystems and are disproportionately affected by climate change, socio-economic marginalisation and environmental degradation, while often remaining excluded from decision-making processes; |
Or. en
Amendment 79
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G a. whereas Denmark, Sweden, and Finland are signatories to the 1996 Ottawa Declaration which confirms their commitment to the well-being of the inhabitants of the Arctic, including special recognition of the special relationship and unique contributions to the Arctic of Indigenous Peoples and their communities, recognizes the traditional knowledge of the Indigenous People to the Arctic and their communities and calls to ensure full consultation with and the involvement of Indigenous People and their communities and other inhabitants of the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 80
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G a. whereas the EU’s Arctic regions are the gateway to the EU’s engagement and presence in the wider Arctic, providing resources for European strategic autonomy while meeting local competing interests, such as increasing demands for natural resources and rights of indigenous populations, the EU’s support under cohesion policy, Interreg, Horizon Europe and rural development to areas such as the Northern Sparsely Populated Areas (NSPA) and networks such as the Arctic Mayors’ Forum and the Arctic Six are crucial to the EU’s Arctic interests; |
Or. en
Amendment 81
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G a. whereas the EU’s Arctic regions are the gateway to the EU’s engagement and presence in the wider Arctic, providing resources for European strategic autonomy while meeting local competing interests, such as increasing demands for natural resources and rights of indigenous populations, the EU’s support under cohesion policy, Interreg, Horizon Europe and rural development to areas such as the Northern Sparsely Populated Areas (NSPA) and networks such as the Arctic Mayors’ Forum and the Arctic Six are crucial to the EU’s Arctic interests; |
Or. en
Amendment 82
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G a. whereas the European Union, Iceland and Norway have suspended until further notice all activities of the Northern Dimension policy, due to Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine; |
Or. en
Amendment 83
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G a. whereas initiatives such as the Summit of Barents Euro-Arctic Indigenous Sámi People held in the European Parliament in 2023 can further enhance cooperation with the Sámi community; |
Or. en
Amendment 84
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital G b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G b. whereas the Arctic Council, based on voluntary commitments and lacking binding authority, has facilitated constructive cooperation and several binding agreements, yet its limited mandate reduces its ability to address major challenges such as environmental disasters or rising geopolitical tensions, which could threaten the Arctic’s status as a low-tension region; whereas, due to the unprovoked Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine, political meetings have been suspended, undermining the ability of the Article Council to fulfil its mandate and properly operate; |
Or. en
Amendment 85
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital G b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| G b. whereas initiatives such as the Summit of Barents Euro-Arctic Indigenous Sámi People held in the European Parliament in 2023 can further enhance cooperation with the Sámi community; |
Or. en
Amendment 86
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H. whereas Greenland will chair the Arctic Council for 2025-2027 on behalf of the Kingdom of Denmark, providing a pivotal opportunity to reinforce inclusive, rules-based Arctic governance; | H. whereas Greenland will chair the Arctic Council for 2025-2027 on behalf of the Kingdom of Denmark, providing a pivotal opportunity to reinforce inclusive, rules-based Arctic governance; whereas Sweden, Finland, and Denmark are full members of the Arctic Council; whereas France, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Poland hold observer status; |
Or. en
Amendment 87
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H a. whereas Greenland's Strategy foresees establishing a representative office in Ottawa, and encourage Canada to open a Consulate General in Nuuk; whereas Greenland already has representations in Washington D.C., Beijing, Iceland and Brussels to the EU, and the Strategy foresees the opening of an office to the UN in New York and sending personnel to the UN in Geneva; |
Or. en
Amendment 88
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H a. whereas drivers for change in the Arctic land and ocean (including environment, biodiversity, climate, geopolitical positioning and security elements) are intrinsically connected with the rest of Europe, underlining the need for knowledge- and science-based policy that involves local Arctic communities and knowledge institutions; |
Or. en
Amendment 89
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H a. whereas drivers for change in the Arctic land and ocean (including environment, biodiversity, climate, geopolitical positioning and security elements) are intrinsically connected with the rest of Europe, underlining the need for knowledge- and science-based policy that involves local Arctic communities and knowledge institutions; |
Or. en
Amendment 90
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H a. Whereas the Arctic Council, the only pan-Arctic body where all Arctic countries are represented, remains paralysed since Russia’s illegal invasion of Ukraine; whereas in the absence of the Arctic Council other fora of exchange and discussion on Arctic matters are needed; |
Or. en
Amendment 91
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H a. whereas the Arctic Council and its working groups have served as an arena for positive and constructive international cooperation, and despite increased geopolitical tension, it remains the primary forum for Arctic cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 92
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H a. whereas the Arctic is a region rich in energy resources, particularly hydrocarbons such as oil and natural gas, but also holds significant potential for renewable energy sources, including wind and hydropower; |
Or. en
Amendment 93
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H a. whereas the strategic importance of the US Pituffik Space Base in Greenland is essential to NATO’s missile defence system and space activities monitoring; |
Or. en
Amendment 94
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital H b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H b. whereas the European Union has finally established an EU Office in Nuuk, enhancing its diplomatic presence and fostering closer cooperation with Greenland; |
Or. en
Amendment 95
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Recital H b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H b. whereas Finland and Sweden’s accession to NATO has deepened the Arctic orientation of the Alliance and will enhance its posture in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 96
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital H b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H b. whereas there has been no progress on the EU’s application to become a full observer to the Arctic Council; |
Or. en
Amendment 97
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Recital H c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H c. whereas the Greenland-Iceland-United Kingdom (GIUK) gap constitutes a strategic corridor allowing to control maritime traffic and detect hybrid threats; whereas Russia has intensified hybrid threats in the Arctic region, including with cyber operations and jamming of GPS signals; |
Or. en
Amendment 98
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital H c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| H c. whereas the EU and Faroe Islands have agreed on an enhanced partnership, including cooperation issues such as fisheries, climate, and others; |
Or. en
Amendment 99
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Recital I
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I. whereas the Arctic’s abundant hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable benefit-sharing; | I. whereas the Arctic’s abundant hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable benefit-sharing; emphasises the potential of the Arctic region’s natural resources when it comes to reducing Europe’s harmful dependence on raw materials; |
Or. fi
Amendment 100
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Recital I
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I. whereas the Arctic’s abundant hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable benefit-sharing; | I. whereas the Arctic’s abundant hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable benefit-sharing; whereas Greenland possesses significant deposits of graphite that is key for military industries; |
Or. en
Amendment 101
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Recital I
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I. whereas the Arctic’s abundant hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable benefit-sharing; | I. whereas the Arctic’s marine resources such as hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable benefit-sharing; |
Or. en
Amendment 102
Marion Maréchal
Motion for a resolution
Recital I
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I. whereas the Arctic’s abundant hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable benefit-sharing; | I. whereas the Arctic’s abundant hydrocarbons, rare-earth elements, fisheries and other resources are increasingly coveted, necessitating stringent sustainability standards and equitable resource-sharing; |
Or. fr
Amendment 103
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital I a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I a. whereas the mining sector is also lobbying governments to approve deep sea mining from the Arctic’s seabed, an ecosystem we know little about; whereas these activities endanger Arctic biodiversity by fragmenting habitats, displacing wildlife, and disrupting crucial breeding and feeding areas; |
Or. en
Amendment 104
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital I a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I a. whereas the Arctic holds diverse energy resources crucial for the EU’s green and digital transitions, including hydrogen, hydropower, wind, and geothermal energy, which can help diversify and decarbonise the EU’s energy mix alongside existing hydrocarbon supplies; |
Or. en
Amendment 105
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital I a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I a. whereas initiatives such as Polar Connect and the ‘Vision 2030’ concept envisage resilient trans-Arctic submarine cable routes linking Greenland and Iceland with continental Europe; |
Or. en
Amendment 106
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Recital I a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I a. whereas the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea contains provisions on the rights, duties and responsibilities of states to safeguard environmental considerations; |
Or. en
Amendment 107
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital I b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I b. whereas making strategic investments is necessary to secure critical raw materials essential for the EU’s industrial competitiveness and defence capabilities; |
Or. en
Amendment 108
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital I c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I c. whereas Greenland, Iceland, and Norway manage the Arctic’s largest sustainable fisheries, and the region is developing expertise in biotechnology and innovation, which are vital for the EU’s food security, blue economy, and scientific leadership; |
Or. en
Amendment 109
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital I d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| I d. whereas the Arctic’s economic potential extends beyond natural resources to sectors such as tourism, space technology, and data center infrastructure, offering the EU opportunities to develop strategic partnerships that leverage the region’s unique geography, renewable energy resources, and proximity to key allies; |
Or. en
Amendment 110
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital J
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| J. whereas energy connections with the Arctic, including oil and gas imports from Norway’s Barents Sea, liquefied natural gas shipments via Arctic shipping routes, renewable energy exports and green hydrogen potential from Iceland and Greenland, EU-backed infrastructure projects such as submarine cables and pipelines, and cooperation in research and innovation for sustainable development are crucial for the EU’s energy security and future economic development; | J. whereas energy connections with the Arctic, including oil and gas imports from Norway’s Barents Sea, liquefied natural gas shipments via Arctic shipping routes, renewable energy exports and green hydrogen potential from Iceland and Greenland, EU-backed infrastructure projects such as submarine cables and pipelines, and cooperation in research and innovation for sustainable development are crucial for the EU’s energy security and future economic development; whereas the Arctic suffers from a shortage of infrastructure, placing local populations and others at a disadvantage; whereas the development of multipurpose infrastructure projects could help address both these shortcomings and broader security challenges; |
Or. en
Amendment 111
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Recital J
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| J. whereas energy connections with the Arctic, including oil and gas imports from Norway’s Barents Sea, liquefied natural gas shipments via Arctic shipping routes, renewable energy exports and green hydrogen potential from Iceland and Greenland, EU-backed infrastructure projects such as submarine cables and pipelines, and cooperation in research and innovation for sustainable development are crucial for the EU’s energy security and future economic development; | J. whereas energy connections with the Arctic, including oil and gas imports from Norway’s Barents Sea, liquefied natural gas shipments via Arctic shipping routes, renewable energy exports and green hydrogen potential from Iceland and Greenland, EU-backed infrastructure projects such as submarine cables and pipelines, and cooperation in research and innovation for sustainable development are crucial for the EU’s energy security and future economic development; whereas, in this context, reliable energy partners and energy supplies are important for overall security, with Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and the ensuing energy crisis serving as a cautionary example of this; |
Or. fi
Amendment 112
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital J
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| J. whereas energy connections with the Arctic, including oil and gas imports from Norway’s Barents Sea, liquefied natural gas shipments via Arctic shipping routes, renewable energy exports and green hydrogen potential from Iceland and Greenland, EU-backed infrastructure projects such as submarine cables and pipelines, and cooperation in research and innovation for sustainable development are crucial for the EU’s energy security and future economic development; | J. whereas energy connections with the Arctic, including oil and gas imports from Norway’s Barents Sea, liquefied natural gas shipments via Arctic shipping routes, renewable energy exports and green hydrogen potential from Iceland and Greenland, EU-backed infrastructure projects such as submarine cables and pipelines, and cooperation in research and innovation for sustainable development are crucial for the EU’s energy security and future economic development, while ensuring investments in local Arctic economies and infrastructure; |
Or. en
Amendment 113
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital J a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| J a. whereas the Northern Sea Route (NSR) constitutes one of the three main Arctic shipping passages and is increasingly attracting global attention as a potential trade corridor; whereas Russia has adopted a unilateral legal regime governing navigation on the NSR, including the new law of December 5, 2022 restricting the passage of foreign warships; whereas such measures raise serious concerns under international law, notably the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and risk exacerbating geopolitical tensions in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 114
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Recital J a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| J a. whereas, newly constructed and planned LNG terminals — in particular floating storage and regasification units to which EU Member States have committed over the past two years — provide an essential gateway for Norwegian LNG, further strengthening diversification and security of supply; |
Or. en
Amendment 115
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital J a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| J a. whereas the further development and production of Icebreakers is key for the exploration as well as safety of the Arctic; whereas Finland has a particular expertise in this regard; |
Or. en
Amendment 116
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital K
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K. whereas initiatives such as Polar Connect and Vision 2030 propose undersea cables across the Arctic Ocean, linking Greenland and Iceland to continental Europe by 2030; | K. whereas initiatives such as Polar Connect and Vision 2030 propose undersea cables across the Arctic Ocean, linking Greenland and Iceland to continental Europe by 2030; whereas such projects are vulnerable to hybrid threats by malign actors such as Russia and China; |
Or. en
Amendment 117
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital K a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K a. whereas nuclear-powered vessels are essential for operations in the Arctic, given the limitations of existing infrastructure and supply lines; whereas no EU or NATO Member State operates nuclear-powered icebreakers; whereas Russia maintains such capabilities, while China has expressed interest in icebreaking technology to advance its Polar Silk Road initiative and is actively expanding its fleet, including through the construction of a nuclear-powered icebreaker; |
Or. en
Amendment 118
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital K a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K a. whereas the development of Arctic subsea fibre-optic cables linking Europe with Japan and South Korea represents a strategic opportunity to enhance secure, high-speed digital connectivity, strengthen EU digital sovereignty, and deepen EU–Asia cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 119
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital K a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K a. whereas China is testing via a cargo ship an express route to Europe through Artic to establish a regular service via Russia’s Northern Sea Route linking multiple ports in Asia and Europe; |
Or. en
Amendment 120
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Recital K a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K a. whereas protecting submarine cables, pipelines, communication systems and transport corridors in the Arctic is vital for the EU an EEA digital, energy and economic security; |
Or. en
Amendment 121
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital K b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K b. whereas France is the only EU Member State possessing nuclear-powered submarines, capable of operating along Arctic underwater routes; |
Or. en
Amendment 122
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital K c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K c. whereas global warming in the Arctic is opening new alternative trade routes, most notably the NSR, which reduces travel time and distance between Europe and Asia by 30–40% compared to the traditional route through the Suez Canal; whereas climate change is also raising legal questions concerning the application of Article 234 of UNCLOS, which currently allows Russia to impose significant legal restrictions on freedom of navigation in straits along the NSR, several of which are now ice-free for most of the year; whereas Russia’s designation of these straits as territorial waters further challenges freedom of navigation and raises concerns over the long-term viability of the NSR for EU Member States; |
Or. en
Amendment 123
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital K d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K d. whereas the Arctic holds significant critical resources; whereas global warming is opening up exploitable oil and gas fields, including within the EEZs of EU and EFTA Member States; whereas Greenland and the Arctic seabed contain 25 of the 34 critical raw materials identified in the Critical Raw Materials Act; whereas Norway has authorised the opening of 280,000 km² of its Arctic continental shelf to exploration for potential deep-sea mining operations; whereas 90% of global production and refining of rare earth elements takes place in China, calling for urgent and innovative solutions to alleviate an enormous strategic dependency that exposes EU Member States to economic and diplomatic coercion; |
Or. en
Amendment 124
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital K e (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K e. whereas the United States has declared control over Greenland essential for its national and international security; whereas the US has previously proposed to acquire the island from the Kingdom of Denmark; |
Or. en
Amendment 125
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital K f (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K f. whereas the European Parliament adopted non-binding resolutions calling for a moratorium on deep-sea mining in 2021 and 2023; whereas the Marine Strategy Framework Directive in practice prevents EU Member States from extending or even exploring their EEZs for deep-sea mining; whereas China is accelerating its deep-sea mining strategy, including through the signing of an accord with the Cook Islands, in a bid to maintain its global dominance over critical materials; whereas excessive regulatory constraints on terrestrial commercial operations for rare earth minerals, combined with ideological opposition to even exploring the potential of deep-sea mining, represent both an environmental and a strategic risk, as they slow down the market deployment of cleaner technologies while increasing European dependency on China and other third countries for raw and critical materials; |
Or. en
Amendment 126
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Recital K g (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| K g. whereas Russia is expanding and rebuilding its nuclear fleet, submarines, and icebreakers within the Northern Fleet, while also reactivating Soviet-era airstrips along the Northern coast and reinforcing its A2/AD capabilities; whereas the strategic importance of the GIUK gap is increasing, as it constitutes a major chokepoint both for the emerging NSR and for the protection of transatlantic undersea cables south of the gap, which carry the near entirety of Europe’s data traffic; whereas the need to effectively protect undersea cables is further amplified by the growing reliance on artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and other data-intensive operations; |
Or. en
Amendment 127
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Recital L
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L. whereas EU-funded research, Horizon Europe partnerships and Copernicus satellite services provide essential data for climate resilience, navigation safety and environmental stewardship in the High North; | L. whereas EU-funded research, Horizon Europe partnerships and Copernicus satellite services provide essential data for security, climate resilience, navigation safety and environmental stewardship in the High North; |
Or. fi
Amendment 128
David McAllister
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L a. whereas NATO, in 2022, recognised climate change as a defining challenge and threat multiplier with profound implications for security and military operations, including in the High North, and identified the High North as a region of strategic importance where Russia’s ability to disrupt Allied reinforcements and freedom of navigation across the North Atlantic poses a direct challenge to the Alliance; |
Or. en
Amendment 129
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L a. whereas secure, resilient, and autonomous satellite connectivity constitutes a strategic asset for enabling and safeguarding communications, enhancing situational awareness, protecting critical infrastructure, and reinforcing the Union’s capacity to prevent, deter and respond to hybrid and conventional threats in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 130
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L a. whereas secure, resilient and autonomous satellite connectivity constitutes a strategic asset for enabling and safeguarding communications, enhancing situational awareness, protecting critical infrastructure, and reinforcing the Union’s capacity to prevent, deter and respond to hybrid and conventional threats in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 131
Rihards Kols
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L a. whereas secure, resilient, and autonomous satellite connectivity constitutes a strategic asset for safeguarding communications, enhancing situational awareness, protecting critical infrastructure, and reinforcing the Union’s capacity to prevent, deter and respond to hybrid and conventional threats in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 132
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L a. whereas three EU Member States and additionally two members of the European Economic Area are part of the Arctic Council; whereas seven countries that form part of the Artic Council are NATO Members; |
Or. en
Amendment 133
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L a. whereas secure and autonomous satellite connectivity is essential for communications, critical infrastructure, situational awareness and the Union’s capacity to address threats in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 134
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L a. I. whereas respecting territorial integrity must remain a cornerstone of international diplomacy, especially in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 135
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Recital L b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L b. whereas ‘do no significant harm’ means not supporting or carrying out economic activities that do significant harm to any environmental objective, where relevant, within the meaning of Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2020/852; |
Or. en
Amendment 136
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital L b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L b. Whereas the European External Action Service (EEAS) plays a central role in shaping and coordinating the EU’s Arctic policy; |
Or. en
Amendment 137
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital L c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L c. whereas the Arctic waters are increasingly used by aging, poorly maintained Russia’s “shadow fleet”, which operate under flags of convenience to circumvent international sanctions, posing significant environmental, safety, and security risks in this fragile region; |
Or. en
Amendment 138
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Recital L d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| L d. whereas space technologies, including positioning, navigation, Earth observation, and satellite communication, are essential for Arctic situational awareness, environmental monitoring, and connectivity; whereas Norway’s geographic location and facilities such as Andøya Spaceport and the Arctic Satellite Broadband Mission provide critical infrastructure supporting EU interests and enable independent European access to space; whereas enhanced cooperation with Norway on space capabilities is vital for advancing EU Arctic strategy and security; |
Or. en
Amendment 139
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; encourage coastal EU Member States to modernise and expand their naval capabilities where relevant, in particular with regard to maritime patrol aircraft, submarines, anti-submarine weapons, autonomous underwater vehicles and advanced surveillance capabilities, in order to better monitor the Arctic region, the NSR, and the GIUK gap; stresses that, in view of the US’ strategic ambiguity towards Europe and in particular its claims over Greenland, priority should be given to procurement from EU-based or closely aligned partners, such as Norway and the United Kingdom, since most of these capabilities can be provided by European companies; |
Or. en
Amendment 140
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; note also China's Polar Silk Road strategy and dual-use presence, which together with Russia's actions pose a systemic challenge to the rule based order; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response, including through enhanced EU-NATO strategic dialogues on Arctic domain awareness and defensive joint exercises in the High North; recognize further the risk that an increased presence by China, along with its strategic collaboration with Russia, could have on the security in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 141
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | (a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; condemn China’s growing interest in the Arctic region; note that, for its own security, Europe cannot follow developments from the sidelines, but must work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; take into account, when it comes to EU funding, the special expertise that Finland, Sweden and Denmark – the only Arctic countries in the EU – have in Arctic warfare, which is indispensable for the security of the EU and of NATO; |
Or. fi
Amendment 142
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | a) acknowledge the deteriorating security policy situation in the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; calls on the Commission to take into account all potential threat scenarios related to the situation in Ukraine, including the possible strengthening of the Russian presence in the Arctic as a consequence of a potential frozen conflict in Ukraine; |
Or. en
Amendment 143
David McAllister
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | a) act on the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; pursue close cooperation with NATO structures and the European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats (Hybrid CoE) to build resilience and develop common standards for infrastructure protection in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 144
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; notably through military exercises, following the example of the Arctic challenge 2023 hosted by Sweden, Finland and Norway; |
Or. en
Amendment 145
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response and increase military cooperation among European partners in the Arctic region to enhance regional security and stability; |
Or. en
Amendment 146
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response while working to prevent a spill-over of geopolitical conflicts into this region; |
Or. en
Amendment 147
Alice Teodorescu Måwe
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; | (a) acknowledge the growing militarisation of the Arctic, particularly due to Russia’s extensive military restructuring and China’s clear interest in the region, including the establishment of the Maritime Collegium, which has further escalated regional tensions and undermined regional stability; work together with the Member States and NATO allies to strengthen deterrent capabilities in response; |
Or. sv
Amendment 148
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a a) in light of the increasing presence of Chinese Coast Guard vessels and Russian naval fleets in the Arctic, enhance the Union´s existing mechanisms for cooperation in intelligence and defence capabilities, in close coordination with Member States and NATO, to safeguard European interests and stability in the High North; |
Or. en
Amendment 149
Marion Maréchal
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| (aa) to foster realistic and pragmatic cooperation in the Arctic, affording priority to energy security, freedom of navigation and the defence of European economic interests vis-à-vis other powers interested in the development prospects offered by this region; |
Or. fr
Amendment 150
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a a) call for a comprehensive re-articulation of Arctic policy that moves beyond the outdated notion of Arctic exceptionalism, and instead employs it as a method for assessing evolving challenges, as well as a mirror reflecting the Arctic’s new strategic role within evolving geopolitical context; |
Or. en
Amendment 151
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a a) in light of Sino-Russian cooperation in the High North, including joint energy and shipping projects, develop an EU an EEA strategy to monitor and counter the potential creation of exclusive trade corridors or dual-use facilities that undermine freedom of navigation and international law; |
Or. en
Amendment 152
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a a) recognise that an upgraded and enhanced EU Arctic Strategy also requires additional financial resources; allocated sufficient amounts in the upcoming MFF negotiations; |
Or. en
Amendment 153
Engin Eroglu
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a b) given that China operates research stations in the Arctic, including the Yellow River Station in Svalbard and the China–Iceland Arctic Science Observatory, whose activities include hydro-acoustic monitoring and oceanographic mapping, which have inherent dual-use potential, to enhance the vigilance in EU engagement with external partners and to establish EU-level security screening mechanisms for foreign Arctic research and infrastructure projects, Member States shall notify the Commission and the governments of other Member States of such investments, and the Commission shall establish a monitoring mechanism to exchange information on these projects, ensuring that scientific cooperation with third countries does not undermine the Union’s security interests; |
Or. en
Amendment 154
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a b) in order to counterbalance the growing presence of China in Arctic infrastructure, telecommunications and research stations, promote EU-led investments and partnerships with trusted allies to secure critical Arctic infrastructure and reduce dependency on authoritarian powers; |
Or. en
Amendment 155
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| a b) ensure EU actions in the High North are complementary to NATO’s 2022 Strategic Concept and benefit from the Alliance’s reinforced maritime posture; promote NATO-EU de-confliction and shared situational awareness; |
Or. en
Amendment 156
Mircea-Gheorghe Hava
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; | b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; support the introduction of common cybersecurity and resilience standards for submarine cables, landing points and critical digital infrastructure in the Arctic - including by means of joint risk assessments, incident-reporting requirements and regular resilience-testing exercises - bearing in mind their strategic nature for the Union’s connectivity and open strategic autonomy; |
Or. ro
Amendment 157
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; | b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; furthermore, support research, testing and phased deployment of EU-funded hybrid surveillance technologies, including unmanned systems, in coordination with Nordic partners to monitor and respond to hybrid threats; |
Or. en
Amendment 158
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; | b) take note that the Arctic region is part of a continuum embedding the Baltic Sea region within the European Arctic, with shared challenges and interests, and in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; |
Or. en
Amendment 159
David McAllister
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; | b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, address hybrid threats such as cyberattacks, GPS jamming and undersea cable sabotage, which require enhanced monitoring and response mechanisms; substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; |
Or. en
Amendment 160
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; | (b) in the light of Russia’s hostile actions in the Baltic Sea, and in particular the involvement of vessels belonging to Russia’s shadow fleet and Chinese vessels in damaging undersea cables, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; |
Or. fi
Amendment 161
Alice Teodorescu Måwe
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic sea, substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; | (b) in the light of recent incidents in the Baltic Sea, tighten up the regulatory framework for sanctions and retaliatory measures so as to substantially strengthen protection of essential underwater infrastructure in the Arctic, particularly submarine cables and pipelines, to uphold and enforce obligations under Articles 112–115 of the UNCLOS, which are essential to safeguard Europe’s digital and energy interconnectivity from geopolitical disruption; |
Or. sv
Amendment 162
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b a) call for strengthened interoperability between EU Member States and other NATO allies in Arctic security, maritime surveillance, search and rescue operations, and the protection of critical infrastructure; encourage deeper coordination on sustainable economic development, indigenous rights, and resilience in the face of geopolitical challenges posed by third countries; |
Or. en
Amendment 163
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b a) in the light of the increasing hybrid threats in the Arctic, including cyberattacks, disinformation campaigns and electronic warfare capabilities, develop a joint EU-NATO monitoring and response framework to protect Arctic infrastructure, communication lines and governance structures; |
Or. en
Amendment 164
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b a) invest in upgraded satellite communications, underwater drones, and sea-floor mapping in order to monitor the Arctic and particularly to detect Russian or Chinese military activity; |
Or. en
Amendment 165
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| b b) ensure that the next Multiannual Financial Framework stimulates strategic investments in Arctic shipping capabilities, modern communication systems, logistics hubs and supporting infrastructure, including icebreaking vessels, so as to counterbalance Russia’s growing dominance in this field; stresses that such investments must guarantee strict compliance with environmental standards and ensure the meaningful participation of Indigenous Peoples in all stages of planning and implementation; |
Or. en
Amendment 166
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | deleted |
Or. en
Amendment 167
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; stresses that Russia remains an unavoidable interlocutor on these matters, given that the NSR lies largely within its EEZ, and that current and emerging legal disputes over the scope and application of UNCLOS must be resolved diplomatically if the NSR is to become a credible alternative to the Suez Canal; expresses concern over Russia’s 2022 Maritime Doctrine, which reiterates excessive baseline claims that encompass critical straits along the NSR; underlines that regulations applied by Russia on the basis of Article 234 of UNCLOS are excessive, given that many of the straits are ice-free for most of the year; stresses that it is in Russia’s own economic interest to ensure freedom of navigation along the NSR; |
Or. en
Amendment 168
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; engage in regional dialogues on the implementation of the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 169
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; engage in regional dialogues on the implementation of the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 170
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; develop a strategy together with our strategic partners on how to collectively advance our common capacities of engagement, which includes among others the production of icebreakers, but also other critical infrastructure; |
Or. en
Amendment 171
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; engage in regional dialogues on the implementation of the Agreement under UNCLOS on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 172
David McAllister
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS, including countering attempts to legitimise contested shipping corridors or project geopolitical influence under pretexts of scientific or economic cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 173
Alice Teodorescu Måwe
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | (c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes; publicly condemn the fact that Russia is restricting free movement of shipping in the Northern Sea Route by defining international waters as national ones, in breach of international law; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; |
Or. sv
Amendment 174
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route; support, therefore, diplomatic dialogues aimed at establishing clear international agreements regarding freedom of navigation and peaceful maritime cooperation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; | (c) recognise increased geopolitical competition along Arctic maritime routes, particularly the Northern Sea Route, where Russia is strengthening its military infrastructure; use all means to support, therefore, the objectives of safeguarding freedom of navigation, resisting unilateral claims and promoting the application of international maritime law in accordance with UNCLOS; |
Or. fi
Amendment 175
David McAllister
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c a) closely monitor China’s growing strategic interest and activities in the Arctic region, under the framework of the ‘Polar Silk Road’; acknowledge that China’s declared ambition to become a ‘polar great power’ by 2030 and its expanding presence through research missions, strategic infrastructure investments and dual-use partnerships may challenge established governance principles; |
Or. en
Amendment 176
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c a) appreciate to its full extent the importance of the Greenland - Iceland - United Kingdom (GIUK) Gap as a maritime transit corridor indissociable from EU interests as well as the risks associated to its emergence as a theatre for grey-zone operations, and accordingly seek to build these countries’ institutional resilience in cooperation with constructive partners; |
Or. en
Amendment 177
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c a) take note of the first Greenland's security strategy entitled “Greenland in the World: Nothing about us without us – Greenland’s Foreign, Security and Defense Policy 2024–2033”; underlines that this strategy is of particular importance as it reflects the principle of meaningful inclusion of Arctic peoples in shaping policies that affect their region; |
Or. en
Amendment 178
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c a) acknowledge that the EU’s activities in the Arctic need to be aligned with and support the EU’s development activities implemented within the EU’s eastern border areas in the north to maximise the positive impact these activities will have on the development and livelihood of the European Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 179
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c b) call on the Union to assume a more prominent role in the Arctic, also in order to safeguard EU economic security and competitiveness; |
Or. en
Amendment 180
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c c) strengthen the mandate of the Special Envoy for Arctic Matters by granting clearer authority, adequate resources, and responsibilities to monitor security and environmental developments, represent the EU in Arctic fora, coordinate Arctic policy, engage with Indigenous communities, and report to the Council and to the European Parliament; |
Or. en
Amendment 181
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| c d) promote full implementation of the Central Arctic Ocean Fisheries Agreement, ensuring robust joint science and Indigenous knowledge integration before any future commercial fishing; |
Or. en
Amendment 182
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d) given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and significantly increase investments in research programmes; | d) prioritise the need to balance economic growth while protecting critical ecosystems in the Arctic in line with the ‘do no significant harm principle’ of Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2020/852; given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with Arctic indigenous peoples and international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and significantly increase investments in research programmes; |
Or. en
Amendment 183
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d) given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and significantly increase investments in research programmes; | d) given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and significantly increase investments in research programmes; increase the financial support for the use of renewable energy in remote Arctic communities; |
Or. en
Amendment 184
Marion Maréchal
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d) given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and significantly increase investments in research programmes; | (d) given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and support targeted research initiatives, in partnership with Member States and Arctic countries, with a view to achieving tangible and concrete results; |
Or. fr
Amendment 185
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d) given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and significantly increase investments in research programmes; | (d) given the disproportionate impact of climate change on the Arctic, in cooperation with international partners, urgently enhance adaptation strategies, support extensive monitoring initiatives and look into opportunities to significantly increase investments in research programmes that also have a security policy dimension; |
Or. fi
Amendment 186
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d a) fully integrate the recommendations of the Kiruna Statement into its Arctic policy, including by: supporting increased funding for renewable energy, and sustainable waste management in Arctic communities; strengthening mechanisms for meaningful participation of Indigenous Peoples in Arctic governance and decision-making; enhancing civil security and emergency response capacities in Arctic regions, including search and rescue, disaster response infrastructure, and incorporating traditional knowledge into preparedness plans; promoting interdisciplinary research and education partnerships, including supporting Arctic youth and local and Indigenous institutions, to build capacity for addressing environmental, economic, and social challenges; |
Or. en
Amendment 187
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d a) recognise that while the climate change puts the Arctic ecosystems in danger, the rising temperatures also cause major societal impacts in the Arctic regions emphasising the need to place the people living in the Arctic at the centre of research and the benefits research activities create in order to gain more information on how local communities could better adapt to the consequences of the climate change and become more resilient; |
Or. en
Amendment 188
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d a) recognise that while the climate change puts the Arctic ecosystems in danger, the rising temperatures also cause major societal impacts in the Arctic regions emphasising the need to place the people living in the Arctic at the centre of research and the benefits research activities create in order to gain more information on how local communities could better adapt to the consequences of the climate change and become more resilient; |
Or. en
Amendment 189
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d a) recognise that while the climate change puts the Arctic ecosystems in danger, the rising temperatures also cause major societal impacts in the Arctic regions emphasising the need to place the people living in the Arctic at the centre of research and the benefits research activities create in order to gain more information on how local communities could better adapt to the consequences of the climate change and become more resilient; |
Or. en
Amendment 190
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d a) given the potential of new trans-Arctic shipping lanes, work towards the establishment of a binding international environmental liability regime that ensures polluters bear full responsibility for accidents and ecological damage in Arctic water; |
Or. en
Amendment 191
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d b) acknowledge that the EU’s activities in the Arctic need to be aligned with and support the EU’s development activities implemented within the EU’s eastern border areas in the north to maximise the positive impact these activities will have on the development and livelihood of the European Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 192
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| d b) express concern that Russia’s expansion and modernisation of nuclear-powered icebreaker capacity under Project 22220 may contribute not just to civilian navigation and economic development, but also to de facto military leverage over Arctic sea routes; |
Or. en
Amendment 193
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | e) given the significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering to regulations that both protect the environment and avoid imposing prohibitive barriers on potential commercial operations; underlines that excessive environmental regulation was the main factor behind the closure of rare earth mining operations in the EU and much of the West during the 1980s and 1990s, thereby contributing to China’s current monopolistic hold over CRMs and resulting in a considerably worse global environmental impact than if these resources had been mined in Europe, while simultaneously exposing EU Member States to economic and strategic coercion by third countries and slowing down the market deployment of cleaner technologies; |
Or. en
Amendment 194
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States find a consensual path forward, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; recall that such a cooperation on natural resources would also help reduce the EU’s dependence on China and other unreliable providers; |
Or. en
Amendment 195
David McAllister
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | e) given the significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations, while also taking into account the EU’s strategic interests in securing access to critical raw materials from reliable and like-minded partners; |
Or. en
Amendment 196
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; highlight the disastrous consequences of the failure to adhere to such regulations, as demonstrated by the 2020 Norilsk oil spill; |
Or. en
Amendment 197
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | e) given the significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, population growth and the revitalisation of local communities adhering strictly to environmental regulations; |
Or. en
Amendment 198
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | e) given the significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders, including indigenous communities, on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; |
Or. en
Amendment 199
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | (e) given the significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, in order to support economic growth in Europe, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; |
Or. fi
Amendment 200
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; | e) giventhe significance of Arctic natural resources, including hydrocarbons, rare earth elements, critical raw materials and fisheries, and together with the Member States, strengthen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on sustainable resource extraction, adhering strictly to environmental regulations; |
Or. en
Amendment 201
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e a) acknowledge the EU's support of Arctic development and collaboration as vital for fostering relations, trust, and development capacity in sparsely populated vulnerable northern areas, of importance for maintaining low tensions, enhancing preparedness, adapting to closed borders with Russia, and needed new east-west trade routes and partnerships, thereby strengthening the European Arctic’s resilience and defence capability to the gain of Europe’s strategic interests and autonomy; |
Or. en
Amendment 202
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e a) acknowledge the EU's support of Arctic development and collaboration as vital for fostering relations, trust, and development capacity in sparsely populated vulnerable northern areas, of importance for maintaining low tensions, enhancing preparedness, adapting to closed borders with Russia, and needed new east-west trade routes and partnerships, thereby strengthening the European Arctic’s resilience and defence capability to the gain of Europe’s strategic interests and autonomy; |
Or. en
Amendment 203
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e a) condemn the continued militarisation of the Russian Arctic, including the development of dual-use infrastructure, deployment of strategic weapon systems, and naval exercises along critical maritime routes; call for a strengthened EU–NATO coordination mechanism on Arctic situational awareness, satellite monitoring, and joint maritime exercises to ensure deterrence and secure freedom of navigation in accordance with UNCLOS; |
Or. en
Amendment 204
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e a) stresses the importance of the Arctic for the EU’s energy security; supports the need for a strengthened policy in the field of energy efficiency aimed at significantly reducing the Union’s dependence on external sources; |
Or. en
Amendment 205
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e b) notes that the Arctic is rich in mineral resources and underlines the key role played by the European Arctic in the supply of raw materials; further notes that the majority of the EU’s critical raw materials are located in the Arctic, which, if well managed, could contribute to strengthening the Union’s strategic autonomy; |
Or. en
Amendment 206
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e b) deepen partnerships with Greenland and other Arctic stakeholders on critical raw materials and fisheries that apply best-in-class environmental safeguards, free, prior and informed consent where Indigenous rights are concerned; |
Or. en
Amendment 207
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| e c) underline the importance of the Danish led exercise Artic Light 2025, which took place from 9 to 19 September 2025 in and around Greenland, bringing together over 550 personnel from Denmark and NATO allies to strengthen the operational readiness of the armed forces, as well as civil-military cooperation, to enhance interoperability and to reinforce the joint response capabilities against different threats to Greenland, the Kingdom of Denmark and NATO both in the North Atlantic and Artic regions; |
Or. en
Amendment 208
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by external actors’ statements questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by Greenlandic citizens without external pressure; | f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by external actors’ statements questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements, as well as reports of foreign interference into its domestic affairs, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by Greenlandic citizens without external pressure; |
Or. en
Amendment 209
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by external actors’ statements questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by Greenlandic citizens without external pressure; | f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by the United States’ aggressive statements questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements and sovereignty, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by Greenlandic citizens without external pressure; |
Or. en
Amendment 210
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by external actors’ statements questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by Greenlandic citizens without external pressure; | f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by statements from the current US administration, questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by Greenlandic citizens without external pressure; |
Or. en
Amendment 211
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by external actors’ statements questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by Greenlandic citizens without external pressure; | f) in the light of Parliament’s deep concern about Greenland’s growing geopolitical significance, exacerbated by external actors’ statements questioning Denmark’s constitutional arrangements, reaffirm respect for Greenland’s right to self-determination, emphasising that decisions regarding Greenland’s constitutional future and international relations must be made exclusively by the people of Greenland without external pressure; |
Or. en
Amendment 212
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f a) recognise that competitiveness and crisis management in a complex security policy environment depend on strong, innovative societies, including empowered and protected indigenous communities, and local businesses with their own capabilities and cooperation over the borders between policymakers, researchers, businesses, and communities, the EU to continue to, in close cooperation with local populations, and dialogue with relevant states and regional bodies, support the capacity building of more resilient and sustainable Arctic communities; |
Or. en
Amendment 213
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f a) recognise that competitiveness and crisis management in a complex security policy environment depend on strong, innovative societies and local businesses with their own capabilities and cooperation over the borders between policymakers, researchers, businesses, and communities, the EU to continue to, in close dialogue with relevant states and regional bodies, support the capacity building of more resilient and sustainable Arctic communities; |
Or. en
Amendment 214
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f a) take note of the recommendation, contained in Greenland’s Foreign, Security and Defense Policy 2024–2033, to establish a Peace Center in Nuuk that would promote dialogue, facilitate research and mediation, foster confidence-building measures, and support Greenland’s aim of keeping the Arctic a region of peace and low tension; |
Or. en
Amendment 215
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f a) calls for greater access to digital infrastructure and improved digital connectivity in the Arctic, which would foster entrepreneurship, innovation, and the diversification of economic development; |
Or. en
Amendment 216
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f b) welcome that Denmark has committed approximately DKK 14.6 billion (EUR 1.95 billion) to bolster Arctic and North Atlantic security, including procurement of new naval vessels, long-range drones, and enhanced satellite capacity; consider similar investments in its Arctic policy, strengthening Union capacity for surveillance, maritime security, and defense infrastructure in the region, while ensuring respect for human rights, environmental protection, and the preservation of local communities’ interests; |
Or. en
Amendment 217
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f b) believes that increased investment in the Arctic region could contribute to economic, social, and sustainable development to the benefit of Arctic communities, particularly in the fields of energy, transport, and infrastructure; |
Or. en
Amendment 218
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point f c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| f c) stresses that long distances and sparsely populated areas call for enhanced connectivity, accessibility, and community integration through investment in information and communication technologies as well as in transport infrastructure (rail, maritime, land, and air); |
Or. en
Amendment 219
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; | g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; respect Article 19 of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples stating that obtaining their free, prior and informed consent is required before adopting and implementing legislative or administrative measures that may affect them; |
Or. en
Amendment 220
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; | g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; similarly ensure that the EU’s and Member States’ activities in the Arctic region contribute to and do not harm the well-being and rights of indigenous communities in the Arctic region as per the 1996 Ottawa Declaration; |
Or. en
Amendment 221
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; | g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes, while considering and counteracting their heightened exposure to foreign interference and disinformation manoeuvres that seek to weaponise complex and unique contexts; |
Or. en
Amendment 222
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; | g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; ensure that their interests and expertise are well integrated in all levels of EU policymaking; |
Or. en
Amendment 223
Željana Zovko
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; | g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; help Indigenous peoples in preserving their language and culture; |
Or. en
Amendment 224
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; | g) given the need to respect and promote the rights of Indigenous peoples across the Arctic, work towards the incorporation of Indigenous and all other relevant sources of knowledge in environmental and policy-making processes; |
Or. en
Amendment 225
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g a) underline that the opening of the European Commission’s office in Nuuk marks a new stage in cooperation with Greenland, which, although not a Member State, has long maintained a close association with the EU and benefited from its financial support, including in the education sector; |
Or. en
Amendment 226
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g a) stresses the need to ensure the preservation of the cultures, traditions and languages of Indigenous peoples; |
Or. en
Amendment 227
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g b) prioritise mental-health, literacy, language and youth programs in EU Arctic cooperation, responding to recommendations from Arctic Indigenous and youth forums; |
Or. en
Amendment 228
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point g c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| g c) acknowledge that Greenland aligned itself with EU sanctions against Russia following the invasion of Ukraine; |
Or. en
Amendment 229
Alice Teodorescu Måwe
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h) in the light of the critical role played by international scientific cooperation in Arctic governance and climate understanding, support continued EU funding and active participation in Arctic research projects and scientific dialogues, and promote open data sharing and the integration of scientific findings into policy-making processes; | (h) in the light of the critical role played by international scientific cooperation in Arctic governance and climate understanding, support continued EU funding and active participation in Arctic research projects and scientific dialogues, and promote open data sharing and the integration of scientific findings into policy-making processes, while ensuring that scientific exchanges are informed by the current defence and security risks stemming from the geopolitical situation; |
Or. sv
Amendment 230
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h a) recognise the unique role of universities in Arctic rural areas as a driver for regional development, economic growth through innovation in research and businesses, attracting newcomers, enhancing local and regional competence and skills, promoting regional cohesion, a distributor of knowledge and information (thus contributing to resilience and preparedness), contributes to fostering cross-border and cross-sectoral collaboration and thereby supporting Arctic universities, including financial contributions through a mix of EU programmes; |
Or. en
Amendment 231
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h a) recognise the unique role of universities in Arctic rural areas as a driver for regional development, economic growth through innovation in research and businesses, attracting newcomers, enhancing local and regional competence and skills, promoting regional cohesion, a distributor of knowledge and information (thus contributing to resilience and preparedness), contributes to fostering cross-border and cross-sectoral collaboration and thereby supporting Arctic universities, including financial contributions through a mix of EU programmes; |
Or. en
Amendment 232
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h a) ecognise the unique role of universities in Arctic rural areas as a driver for regional development, economic growth through innovation in research and businesses, attracting newcomers, enhancing local and regional competence and skills, promoting regional cohesion, a distributor of knowledge and information (thus contributing to resilience and preparedness), contributes to fostering cross-border and cross-sectoral collaboration and thereby supporting Arctic universities, including financial contributions through a mix of EU programmes; |
Or. en
Amendment 233
Mircea-Gheorghe Hava
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| ha) step up funding for interdisciplinary Arctic research and support the establishment of a ‘European Centre of Excellence in Arctic Research’, using Copernicus services and open data infrastructures, on-site measurements and traditional knowledge, to furnish operational scientific products that support EU decision-making and cooperation with legitimate international partners; |
Or. ro
Amendment 234
Rihards Kols
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h a) considering the growing strategic importance of Arctic space-based capabilities for European security, reinforce investments in secure and autonomous satellite systems as a means to strengthen collective situational awareness, resilience and regional stability in the High North; |
Or. en
Amendment 235
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h a) support initiatives for educational and research mobility between EU universities and Arctic higher education institutions, particularly in Greenland, Iceland and northern Norway, to foster a new generation of Arctic experts and deepen people-to-people cooperation; |
Or. en
Amendment 236
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h b) considering the growing strategic importance and reliance on Arctic space-based capabilities for European security, strengthening collective situational awareness, resilience, and regional stability in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 237
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h b) recognise the growing strategic importance and reliance on Arctic space-based capabilities for European security, strengthening collective situational awareness, resilience, and regional stability in the Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 238
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h b) stresses the strategic importance of Arctic space-based capabilities for European security and the need to strengthen collective awareness, resilience and stability in the region; |
Or. en
Amendment 239
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h c) reinforce multilateral governance and cooperation through the Arctic Council, particularly under the current Chairmanship of the Kingdom of Denmark, spearheaded by Greenland (2025-2027); in this respect, urges all members to uphold peaceful, law-based governance frameworks and to restore effective multilateral cooperation with a particular emphasis on environmental protection, sustainable development, and Indigenous peoples’ rights; |
Or. en
Amendment 240
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point h c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| h c) take active steps towards ensuring greater security surrounding undersea cables in the Arctic, particularly in the proximity of Greenland and affirm the commitment of the European Union to help provide telecommunications via satellite systems as the Copernicus Programme in the case of an emergency; |
Or. en
Amendment 241
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point i
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application; | i) takes note of the intention expressed by the local authorities to hold a referendum by 2027 on the reopening of Iceland's EU accession negotiations, and to commit to respecting its outcome, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people. In the meantime, supports proactive cooperation with the Icelandic government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparations for a renewed accession process, should Iceland formally reactivate its application. In this regard, recalls that Iceland submitted its application for EU membership on 17 July 2009, and the EU Council agreed to open accession negotiations on 17 June 2010. However, in 2013, a new Icelandic government decided to suspend the accession talks, and in March 2015 requested Brussels not to consider Iceland as a candidate country anymore; |
Or. en
Amendment 242
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point i
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application; | i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application while immediately enhancing cooperation on common interests and offering EU assistance in the fight against hybrid threats and foreign interference; |
Or. en
Amendment 243
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point i
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application; | (i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application; step up cooperation between the EU and Iceland, regardless of the state of play with regard to possible EU membership; |
Or. fi
Amendment 244
Marion Maréchal
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point i
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application; | (i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, note the intention expressed by national authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of enhanced cooperation with the EU and its Member States; |
Or. fr
Amendment 245
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point i
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum on EU accession by 2027 and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application; | i) in the light of the growing support for EU accession in Iceland, welcome the intention expressed by local authorities to hold a referendum by 2027 on the resumption of the EU accession negotiations and pledge to respect the outcome thereof, as democratically expressed by the Icelandic people; meanwhile, engage proactively with the Icelandic Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and enhance preparedness for a renewed accession process should Iceland formally reactivate its application; |
Or. en
Amendment 246
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point i a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| i a) welcomes the Iceland's Government decision on launching the talks on Security and Defence Partnership with the EU; expresses that the agreement will be fundamental for future EU- Iceland relations; |
Or. en
Amendment 247
Mircea-Gheorghe Hava
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point j
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; | j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; work proactively with the Norwegian Government to promote the benefits of EU membership and of the deepening of economic relations within the European single market; |
Or. ro
Amendment 248
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point j
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; | j) whereas Norway has rejected EU membership through referenda on two occasions and, despite this, participates in the European Single Market through the European Economic Area (EEA) and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), supports the possibility of exploring deeper cooperation with Norway, including the potential extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union; |
Or. en
Amendment 249
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point j
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; | j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; recognizes Norway as a key EU and NATO ally; expresses ongoing need to strengthen security, and defence cooperation, in full alignment with NATO commitments; |
Or. en
Amendment 250
Sebastian Tynkkynen
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point j
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; | (j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), promote deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; bear in mind, at the same time, that extensive defence cooperation with Norway is already possible, as demonstrated by the strong Nordic Defence Cooperation; |
Or. fi
Amendment 251
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point j
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| j) considering that Norway’s EU membership would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union and Norway’s potential EU accession; | j) considering that Norway’s prominent role would strengthen both its national interests and the EU’s geopolitical resilience by closing critical gaps in the latter’s collective defence (notably on the GIUK gap), explore deeper cooperation with Norway, including the possible extension to Norway of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union; |
Or. en
Amendment 252
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point k
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| k) given Norway’s crucial role for the EU’s energy security, enhance cooperation on energy resilience and supply diversification as a key tool towards the EU’s strategic autonomy; | k) given Norway’s crucial role for the EU’s energy security, enhance cooperation on energy resilience and supply diversification as a key tool towards the EU’s strategic autonomy; with regard to energy autonomy, Norway accounted for more than 30% of the European Union’s gas imports in 2024. At the same time, strategic infrastructure projects, such as the Baltic Sea Gas Corridor, further enhance the Union’s resilience and contribute to reducing its dependence on Russian supplies; |
Or. en
Amendment 253
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point k
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| k) given Norway’s crucial role for the EU’s energy security, enhance cooperation on energy resilience and supply diversification as a key tool towards the EU’s strategic autonomy; | k) given Norway’s crucial role for the EU’s energy security, enhance cooperation on energy resilience and supply diversification as a key tool towards the EU’s strategic autonomy; welcomes Norway's ongoing support of Ukraine, including the last decision on allocation of almost 600 million EUR towards Ukrainian air defence system; |
Or. en
Amendment 254
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point k a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| k a) recognising that Russia uses its Arctic hydrocarbon exports to finance aggression against Ukraine, accelerate EU an EEA efforts to reduce dependence on Russian LNG, diversify Arctic energy partnerships (notably with Norway, Iceland, Greenland), and link them with the EU’s strategic autonomy agenda; |
Or. en
Amendment 255
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point l
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| l) in the light of the increasing relevance of Greenland in Arctic and European security frameworks, alongside increasing support for EU accession among Greenlanders, evidenced by polling suggesting that around 60 % of Greenlanders now favour rejoining the EU, welcome any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland to strengthen its political, institutional and economic links with the EU, and encourage the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships, including in the context of eventual accession, if and when desired by the Greenlandic people; in this regard, underlines that EU membership would give Greenland a stronger voice in Arctic governance and the means to develop critical infrastructure as new northern trade routes emerge while bolstering its security; | l) in the light of the increasing relevance of Greenland in Arctic and European security frameworks, welcome any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland to strengthen its political, institutional and economic links with the EU, and encourage the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships; in this regard, underlines that the EU initiatives, including Iris2 and Galileo, would give Greenland the means to develop critical infrastructure as new northern trade routes emerge while bolstering its security; |
Or. en
Amendment 256
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point l
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| l) in the light of the increasing relevance of Greenland in Arctic and European security frameworks, alongside increasing support for EU accession among Greenlanders, evidenced by polling suggesting that around 60 % of Greenlanders now favour rejoining the EU, welcome any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland to strengthen its political, institutional and economic links with the EU, and encourage the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships, including in the context of eventual accession, if and when desired by the Greenlandic people; in this regard, underlines that EU membership would give Greenland a stronger voice in Arctic governance and the means to develop critical infrastructure as new northern trade routes emerge while bolstering its security; | l) whereas Greenland was part of the European Economic Community (EEC), as a Danish territory, from 1973 until its withdrawal in 1985 following a referendum; in light of Greenland’s growing importance within Arctic and European security frameworks, welcomes any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland aimed at strengthening its political, institutional and economic ties with the EU, and encourages the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships; |
Or. en
Amendment 257
Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point l
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| l) in the light of the increasing relevance of Greenland in Arctic and European security frameworks, alongside increasing support for EU accession among Greenlanders, evidenced by polling suggesting that around 60 % of Greenlanders now favour rejoining the EU, welcome any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland to strengthen its political, institutional and economic links with the EU, and encourage the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships, including in the context of eventual accession, if and when desired by the Greenlandic people; in this regard, underlines that EU membership would give Greenland a stronger voice in Arctic governance and the means to develop critical infrastructure as new northern trade routes emerge while bolstering its security; | l) in the light of the increasing relevance of Greenland in Arctic and European security frameworks, alongside increasing support for EU accession among Greenlanders, evidenced by polling suggesting that around 60 % of Greenlanders now favour rejoining the EU, welcome any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland to strengthen its political, institutional and economic links with the EU, and encourage the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships, including in the context of eventual accession, if and when desired by the Greenlandic people; in this regard, underlines that EU membership would give Greenland a stronger voice in Arctic governance and the means to protect its crucial ecosystems, and sustainably develop critical infrastructure as new northern trade routes emerge while bolstering its security; |
Or. en
Amendment 258
Mircea-Gheorghe Hava
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point l
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| l) in the light of the increasing relevance of Greenland in Arctic and European security frameworks, alongside increasing support for EU accession among Greenlanders, evidenced by polling suggesting that around 60 % of Greenlanders now favour rejoining the EU, welcome any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland to strengthen its political, institutional and economic links with the EU, and encourage the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships, including in the context of eventual accession, if and when desired by the Greenlandic people; in this regard, underlines that EU membership would give Greenland a stronger voice in Arctic governance and the means to develop critical infrastructure as new northern trade routes emerge while bolstering its security; | l) in the light of the increasing relevance of Greenland in Arctic and European security frameworks, alongside increasing support for EU accession among Greenlanders, evidenced by polling suggesting that around 60 % of Greenlanders now favour rejoining the EU, welcome any potential initiative by the Government of Greenland to strengthen its political, institutional and economic links with the EU, and encourage the EU to engage in deeper strategic and economic partnerships, including in the context of eventual accession, if and when desired by the Greenlandic people; in this regard, underlines that EU membership would give Greenland a stronger voice in Arctic governance and the means to develop critical infrastructure as new northern trade routes emerge while bolstering its security and economic development; |
Or. ro
Amendment 259
Mircea-Gheorghe Hava
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) given that Canada is a key player in Arctic governance, a founding member of the Arctic Council and a strategic partner of the European Union, substantially strengthen political, economic, environmental and security cooperation with Canada in the Arctic region; develop a structured and regular dialogue within the framework of the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), with a focus on: the protection of Arctic ecosystems and biodiversity, the implementation of international environmental standards in the field of resource exploitation, the development of sustainable and resilient infrastructure, the security of Arctic sea routes and the incorporation of indigenous knowledge into decision-making processes; encourage closer collaboration in scientific research to support climate resilience and technological innovation in Arctic regions; explore common mechanisms for strengthening energy security and cybersecurity in an Arctic context; |
Or. ro
Amendment 260
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) strengthen collaboration with Canada and recall that we have similar challenges in the Arctic; underline the need for increased security cooperation in the Artic in order to combat the increasingly malign activities by Russia and China in the Arctic; strengthen economic development in the Arctic with Canada, while recalling that military cooperation also can have a dual economic function which then should strengthen local communities; highlight the opportunities in scientific as well as cultural cooperation in the Arctic with Canada, which can help strengthen and empower indigenous populations; recall the enormous potential for EU-Canada cooperation in the exploration of Canadian natural resources; |
Or. en
Amendment 261
Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi, Silvia Sardone
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) strengthen collaboration with Canada and the United States in Arctic governance, given the strategic interest of these countries and the EU in the region, as well as their cooperation on the protection of seas and oceans, including marine research; supports intelligence sharing and cooperation in countering hybrid threats and terrorism, and calls for a structured dialogue on migration, justice, and home affairs; |
Or. en
Amendment 262
David McAllister
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) strengthen collaboration with Canada, underlining the strategic relevance of the EU-Canada partnership in light of shared democratic values and global responsibilities; promote the security and defence partnership, with a particular focus on the Arctic region as part of an ambitious and forward-looking EU-Canada agenda; |
Or. en
Amendment 263
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) strengthen collaboration with Canada, including in scientific cooperation, and in line with the recent Security and Defence Partnership, to contribute to a peaceful Artic; |
Or. en
Amendment 264
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) strengthen collaboration with Canada, particularly in mining, Indigenous partnership models and infrastructure as well as political and security issues; |
Or. en
Amendment 265
Nathalie Loiseau
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) strengthen collaboration with Canada, notably on security and defence issues; |
Or. en
Amendment 266
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m) strengthen collaboration with Canada; | m) strengthen collaboration with Canada as fast as possible; |
Or. en
Amendment 267
Merja Kyllönen, Jonas Sjöstedt
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m a) acknowledge that a populated Arctic, cross-border infrastructure and resilient societies are of strategic importance for European security; EU instruments should therefore actively target increased economic integration in the Arctic region; investments in cross-border infrastructure increase mobility, stimulate innovation and business development and strengthen security of supply and preparedness-cooperation between public and private actors; |
Or. en
Amendment 268
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m a) acknowledge that a populated Arctic, cross-border infrastructure and resilient societies are of strategic importance for European security; EU instruments should therefore actively target increased economic integration in the Arctic region; investments in cross-border infrastructure increase mobility, stimulate innovation and business development and strengthen security of supply and preparedness-cooperation between public and private actors; |
Or. en
Amendment 269
Davor Ivo Stier
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m a) emphasise the revitalisation of the Arctic Council as the pre-eminent forum for Arctic cooperation, urging all Arctic States to resume consensus-based Council activities and support the EU's observer application; deepen EU engagement in the Arctic Council's working groups and joint scientific programs to address environmental and security challenges; |
Or. en
Amendment 270
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m a) advance EU-US dialogue on the Arctic; highlight the many common EU-US challenges in the Arctic, ranging from climate to security cooperation; underline that EU-US cooperation in the Arctic is fundamental in order to contain Russia and China and ensure our common security; |
Or. en
Amendment 271
Liudas Mažylis
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m a) strengthen cooperation with Arctic Council observer states such as Japan and South Korea, focusing on sustainable technology, icebreaking capabilities and maritime safety, while safeguarding EU strategic interests; |
Or. en
Amendment 272
Robert Biedroń
on behalf of the S&D Group
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m a) renew its efforts to support the EU’s application to become a full observer in the Arctic Council; |
Or. en
Amendment 273
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m a) strengthen EU participation in the working groups of the Arctic Council; |
Or. en
Amendment 274
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m b) calls for the creation of a dedicated Arctic Unit within the European External Action Service (EEAS) to foster more comprehensive and proactive engagement with Arctic states and stakeholders; emphasizes that the EU should treat the Arctic as a long-term partner in sustainable prosperity, prioritizing collaboration in economic, environmental, and security matters; urges the EEAS to build Arctic-specific expertise, including through staff training and closer cooperation with Arctic communities and institutions and strengthen EU participation in the working groups of the Arctic Council; stresses that this capacity-building must be supported by sufficient funding, including resources for staff training, research, and partnership-building with Arctic communities and institutions to ensure a comprehensive, informed, effective and coordinated approach to EU Arctic policy; |
Or. en
Amendment 275
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m b) underline that a stronger regional dialogue with like-minded partners in the Arctic is necessary and call upon EU leaders to bring together the leaders of like-minded Arctic partners in order to establish a common, substantial and viable long-term Arctic strategy; |
Or. en
Amendment 276
Davor Ivo Stier
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m b) deepen practical EU-NATO cooperation in the Arctic in areas of shared concern – including maritime domain awareness, protection of critical infrastructure, logistics and search-and-rescue interoperability; |
Or. en
Amendment 277
Łukasz Kohut
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m b (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m b) strengthen cooperation within and with the European Arctic; |
Or. en
Amendment 278
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m c) in view of Russia’s aggression in Ukraine and its implications for Arctic stability, urge the full implementation of EU sanctions on dual-use technologies destined for Russia’s Arctic military expansion, while supporting Ukraine’s engagement with Arctic governance structures, including the prospect of observer status in relevant forums, to promote a rule-based order; |
Or. en
Amendment 279
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m c (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m c) strengthen monitoring and enforcement, impose strict sanctions on shadow fleet vessels using flags of convenience to evade sanctions in the Arctic, cooperate internationally to blacklist such vessels from ports and insurance, and hold flag States fully accountable for ensuring compliance with environmental and safety standards; |
Or. en
Amendment 280
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m d) recognising the importance of resilient connectivity for Arctic communities and EU security, support the development of North-to-North infrastructure projects in the Swedish and Finnish Arctic, with particular emphasis on facilitating increased capacity on the existing railway from Finland to the Arctic Ocean, and exploring new multimodal transport links to strengthen EU-Nordic connectivity and military mobility; |
Or. en
Amendment 281
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m d (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m d) explore and establish a formal EU representation in the Faroe Islands to strengthen political dialogue, enhance cooperation on fisheries, climate resilience, and sustainable development, and consolidate the EU’s strategic presence in the North Atlantic region; |
Or. en
Amendment 282
Urmas Paet
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m e (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m e) increase funding and support for cooperation with key Arctic institutions such as the Arctic Economic Council, the Arctic Mayors Forum, and the Standing Committee of Arctic Parliamentarians, including through capacity-building, joint projects, and research initiatives, recognising their essential role in promoting sustainable development and local engagement across the Arctic region; |
Or. en
Amendment 283
Mika Aaltola
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point m e (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| m e) stresses that Europe must develop independent Arctic-capable launch capacity to ensure resilient satellite services in the High North; underlines that secure communications, Earth observation, and reliable navigation are critical for situational awareness, crisis response and defence, and that such capabilities must be safeguarded against jamming, spoofing and hostile interference; |
Or. en
Amendment 284
Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Jordan Bardella
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| 1 a. review the Marine Strategy Framework Directive in order to provide derogations or narrow down current restrictions so as to enable EU Member States to issue exploration licences for deep-sea mining of strategic minerals, including those identified in the Critical Raw Materials Act; stresses that while environmental protection remains essential, excessive environmental targets are currently counterproductive to the market scaling of cleaner technologies and expose EU Member States to critical dependency on China and other third countries for such minerals; highlights that the Norwegian model may offer a sustainable approach to deep-sea mining operations, reconciling strategic imperatives with environmental concerns; |
Or. en
Amendment 285
Cristian Terheş
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| 1 a. actively seek full observer or participant status for the EU in all relevant Arctic governance bodies where not already present, including enhanced roles in the Arctic Council Working Groups; |
Or. en